Response of promising winter durum wheat varieties and lines according to productivity and some traits of grain quality to various forecrops

Abstract

   There has been presented a three-year estimation of winter durum wheat samples developed by the FSBSI “ARC “Donskoy” sown after various forecrops according to such indicators as productivity, protein and gluten content, SDS-sedimentation, grain hardness.   The purpose of the study was to estimate productivity and grain quality of promising winter durum wheat varieties and lines sown after various forecrops in the conditions of the southern part of the Rostov region.   The research material included 12 samples sown after peas, maize for grain and sunflower, and in green-manured fallow. The variety ‘Kristalla’ was used as a standard. As a study result (2020–2022), there was found that the mean grain productivity of winter durum wheat varieties and lines of was ranked as follows: 8.60 t/ha when sown in green-manured fallow; 6.55 t/ha when sown after peas; 6.38 t/ha when sown after maize for grain; 4.57 t/ha when sown after sunflower. The maximum mean productivity according to forecrops was shown by two winter durum wheat varieties ‘Yakhont’ (6.98 t/ha) and ‘Lakomka’ (6.96 t/ha). According to the forecrops, the protein percentage in grain varied from 13.79 to 14.71 %, which corresponded to the first quality class, the gluten content was 25.7–27.8 % (class 2). There has been revealed that 25 % of the samples had very strong SDS-sedimentation, 67 % had strong and 8 % had an average one. According to grain hardness, there have been identified such samples as ‘Kristella’ (92 %); ‘Yakhont’ and ‘Almaz Dona’ (87 %); ‘Lakomka’ and ‘483/17’ (85 %).