Shorter Drainage Tube to the Pancreatic Stump Reduces Pancreatic Fistula After Distal Pancreatectomy

Abstract

Background: We investigated the relationship between the length of a prophylactic closed-suction drainage tube and clinically relevant postoperative pancreatic fistula (CR-POPF) in distal pancreatectomy (DP). Materials and Methods: The clinical data of 76 patients who underwent DP using a reinforced stapler for the division of the pancreas at Ehime University Hospital between December 2017 and May 2023 were retrospectively analyzed. Laparoscopic DP was performed in 41 patients (53.9%). Closed-suction drainage was performed using a 19 Fr ExuFlow Round Drain with a vacuum bulb. The drainage tube length was defined as the distance between the peripancreatic stump site and the abdominal wall insertion site using abdominal radiography. Results: CR-POPF was observed in 12 patients (15.8%). Univariate analyses demonstrated that male sex (P=0.020), American Society of Anesthesiologists Physical Status (P=0.017), current smoking (P=0.005), and drainage tube length (P<0.001) were significantly associated with CR-POPF. The optimal cut-off value of drainage tube length for CR-POPF was 220 mm (area under the receiver operating characteristic curve=0.80). In multivariate analyses, drainage tube length (≥220 mm) was the sole independent predictor for CR-POPF (odds ratio, 6.59; P=0.023). According to computed tomography performed ∼1 week after surgery, the median volume of peripancreatic fluid collection was significantly higher in the long drainage tube group than in the short drainage tube group (P<0.001). Conclusion: A drainage tube inserted at a shorter distance to the pancreatic stump may reduce the incidence of CR-POPF after DP.