1. Professor of Anesthesia and Critical Care, Chair, Beaujon University Hospital, Paris 7 Paris-Diderot University, and INSERM U 676, Paris, France.
2. Professor of Anesthesiology and Pharmacology, Vice Chair of Research in Anesthesiology, Weill Cornell Medical College.
3. Senior Staff Geriatrician, Pitié-Salpétrière University Hospital, Assistance Publique Hôpitaux de Paris.