Comparison of Cardiovascular Health Between Parents and Non-Parents in NHANES 2011-2018

Abstract

Background and Objectives: We compared cardiovascular health for parents and non-parents using the American Heart Association’s Life’s Essential 8 (LE8). Methods: This cross-sectional cohort analyzed 2011-2018 NHANES participants aged 20 to 54. The exposure was parenting, defined as living with a child. Logistic regression assessed whether parenting was associated with odds of ideal LE8 total or sub-scores. Regression adjusted for age, sex, race and ethnicity, educational attainment, marital status, and income. Subgroups included female sex, male sex, income <150% federal poverty levels, and parents of younger children. Results: 6847 participants represented a weighted population of 79 120 285 (57% parents). Parenting was not associated with adjusted odds of ideal total LE8 (OR 0.91, 95% CI 0.76–1.09). Parenting was associated with decreased odds of ideal body mass index (BMI) (OR 0.81, 95% CI 0.72–0.91) and increased odds of smoking avoidance (OR 1.22, 95% CI 1.09–1.38). Associations varied by subgroup. Only the subgroup with lower incomes demonstrated reduced odds of ideal total LE8 for parents (OR 0.58, 95% CI 0.41–0.82). Conclusions: Parents and non-parents differed in smoking and BMI, though not in LE8 total. Families with low incomes may particularly benefit from dual generation cardiovascular risk reduction.