Nipple Lesions of the Breast

Author:

Brogi Edi12,Scatena Cristian34

Affiliation:

1. Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York City, NY

2. Weill Cornell Medical College, New York City, NY

3. Division of Pathology, Department of Translation Research on New Technologies in Medicine and Surgery, University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy

4. Department of Laboratory Medicine, Pisa University Hospital, Anatomia Patologica 1 Universitaria, Pisa, Italy

Abstract

Because of the unique anatomic structure of the nipple, a few specific breast lesions occur only at this site. Large lactiferous sinuses may be involved by inflammatory conditions such as squamous metaplasia of lactiferous ducts and ductal ectasia or be the site of uncommon superficial epithelial neoplasms such as nipple adenoma or syringomatous tumor of the nipple. Paget disease of the nipple may be secondary to intraepidermal extension of ductal carcinoma in situ in the underlying lactiferous ducts or develop from malignant transformation of Toker cells. Invasive breast cancer may also arise primarily in the nipple. Most of these conditions present as a palpable mass and/or skin changes with or without nipple discharge. Due to the delicate location and often relatively small size of nipple lesions, biopsy specimens are often superficial and fragmented, and the interpretation is challenging. Knowledge of the morphologic and immunophenotypic features of nipple lesions is essential in making the correct diagnosis. Information on the molecular alterations underpinning nipple neoplasms is currently very limited.

Publisher

Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer Health)

Subject

Pathology and Forensic Medicine,Anatomy

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