Meta-analysis of proton pump inhibitor use and the risk of developing gastric cancer or colorectal cancer

Abstract

To evaluate the relationship between the use of proton pump inhibitors (PPI) and the risk of gastric cancer and colorectal cancer by using meta-analysis. Computer search PUBMED, EMBASE, Cochrane Library, CNKI and Wanfang database to obtain relevant literature on the use of PPI and the risk of gastric cancer and colorectal cancer, extract relevant data, and use Stata14.0 for Meta-analysis. A total of 24 articles were included, including 12 articles for gastric cancer and 12 articles for colorectal cancer. A total of 5 313 749 persons were included in the study and analysis. Meta-analysis results showed that the risk of gastric cancer in PPI users was significantly increased [risk ratio (RR) = 2.04, 95% confidence interval (CI) (1.33–2.75)], and the regional subgroup analysis results showed that in Europe [RR = 2.01, 95% CI (0.92, 3.09), P < 0.05] and Asia [RR = 2.15, 95% CI (1.16, 3.14), P < 0.05] This risk is higher, and Asia is higher than Europe. The risk of colorectal cancer is slightly increased [RR = 1. 22, 95% CI (1.03, 1.40, P < 0.05], and the regional subgroup analysis results show that in Europe [RR = 1.05 95% CI (0.98, 1.12), P < 0.05] and Asia [RR = 1.18, 95% CI (1.10, 1.27), P < 0.05]. This risk is low, but Asia is higher than Europe. The use of PPI significantly increases gastric cancer However, the risk of colorectal cancer is not significantly increased. The risk of gastric cancer and colorectal cancer in the population using PPI in Asia is higher than that in Europe.