Long-term exposure to transportation noise and obesity: A pooled analysis of eleven Nordic cohorts

Author:

Persson Åsa1,Pyko Andrei12ORCID,Stucki Lara1ORCID,Ögren Mikael34,Åkesson Agneta1,Oudin Anna5,Tjønneland Anne67,Rosengren Annika89,Segersson David10,Rizzuto Debora1112,Helte Emilie1,Andersson Eva M.34,Aasvang Gunn Marit13,Gudjonsdottir Hrafnhildur1415,Selander Jenny1,Christensen Jesper H.16,Leander Karin1,Mattisson Kristoffer17,Eneroth Kristina18,Barregard Lars34,Stockfelt Leo34,Albin Maria117,Simonsen Mette K.19,Spanne Mårten20,Roswall Nina6,Tiittanen Pekka21,Molnár Peter34,Ljungman Petter L.S.122,Männistö Satu23,Yli-Tuomi Tarja21,Cole-Hunter Thomas7,Lanki Timo212425,Lim Youn-Hee7,Andersen Zorana J.7,Sørensen Mette626,Pershagen Göran1,Eriksson Charlotta12

Affiliation:

1. Institute of Environmental Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden

2. Center for Occupational and Environmental Medicine, Region Stockholm, Stockholm, Sweden

3. Department of Occupational and Environmental Medicine, Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Gothenburg, Sweden

4. Occupational and Environmental Medicine, School of Public Health and Community Medicine, Institute of Medicine, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden

5. Occupational and Environmental Medicine, Lund University, Lund, Sweden

6. Danish Cancer Institute, Strandboulevarden 49, 2100 Copenhagen Ø, Denmark

7. Department of Public Health, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark

8. Department of Molecular and Clinical Medicine, Institute of Medicine, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden

9. Region Västra Götaland, Department of Medicine Geriatrics and Emergency Medicine, Sahlgrenska University Hospital Östra Hospital, Gothenburg, Sweden

10. Swedish Meteorological and Hydrological Institute, Norrköping, Sweden

11. Aging Research Center, Department of Neurobiology Care Science and Society, Karolinska Institutet and Stockholm University, Stockholm, Sweden

12. Stockholm Gerontology Research Center, Stockholm, Sweden

13. Department of Air Quality and Noise, Norwegian Institute of Public Health, Oslo, Norway

14. Centre for Epidemiology and Community Medicine, Region Stockholm, Stockholm, Sweden

15. Department of Global Public Health, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden

16. Department of Environmental Science, Aarhus University, Roskilde, Denmark

17. Division of Occupational and Environmental Medicine, Lund University, Lund, Sweden

18. Environment and Health Administration, Stockholm, Sweden

19. Department of Neurology and the Parker Institute, Frederiksberg Hospital, Frederiksberg, Denmark

20. Environment Department, City of Malmö, Malmö, Sweden

21. Department of Health Security, Finnish Institute for Health and Welfare, Kuopio, Finland

22. Department of Cardiology, Danderyd Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden

23. Department of Public Health and Welfare, Finnish Institute for Health and Welfare, Helsinki, Finland

24. Institute of Public Health and Clinical Nutrition, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland

25. Department of Environmental and Biological Sciences, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland

26. Department of Natural Science and Environment, Roskilde University, Denmark

Abstract

Background: Available evidence suggests a link between exposure to transportation noise and an increased risk of obesity. We aimed to assess exposure-response functions for long-term residential exposure to road traffic, railway and aircraft noise, and markers of obesity. Methods: Our cross-sectional study is based on pooled data from 11 Nordic cohorts, including up to 162,639 individuals with either measured (69.2%) or self-reported obesity data. Residential exposure to transportation noise was estimated as a time-weighted average Lden 5 years before recruitment. Adjusted linear and logistic regression models were fitted to assess beta coefficients and odds ratios (OR) with 95% confidence intervals (CI) for body mass index, overweight, and obesity, as well as for waist circumference and central obesity. Furthermore, natural splines were fitted to assess the shape of the exposure-response functions. Results: For road traffic noise, the OR for obesity was 1.06 (95% CI = 1.03, 1.08) and for central obesity 1.03 (95% CI = 1.01, 1.05) per 10 dB Lden. Thresholds were observed at around 50–55 and 55–60 dB Lden, respectively, above which there was an approximate 10% risk increase per 10 dB Lden increment for both outcomes. However, linear associations only occurred in participants with measured obesity markers and were strongly influenced by the largest cohort. Similar risk estimates as for road traffic noise were found for railway noise, with no clear thresholds. For aircraft noise, results were uncertain due to the low number of exposed participants. Conclusion: Our results support an association between road traffic and railway noise and obesity.

Publisher

Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer Health)

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