1. From the Department of Urology, Royal Shrewsbury Hospital, Shrewsbury (DH, CJMB), National Cancer Intelligence Centre, Office for National Statistics (MJQ, PJB), Institute of Urology and Nephrology, University College London (MA, HRHP), London, and Department of Human Biomonitoring and Carcinogen Activation, The Institute of Cancer Research, Sutton, Surrey, (HRHP), United Kingdom