Early Lensectomy in Patients With Pseudoexfoliation: Long-Term Effectiveness and Safety Outcomes

Abstract

Précis: Early lensectomy in patients presenting pseudoexfoliation (PXF) in an asymmetric clinical stage resulted in effective, safe, and predictable long-term results. Good intraocular pressure (IOP) was found, thus it might be considered as a possible surgical approach in these patients. Purpose: The purpose of this study is to assess the long-term effectiveness, predictability, and safety of cataract surgery performed in patients with capsular PXF at an early stage of the disease. Materials and Methods: This retrospective, comparative study included PXF patients who underwent phacoemulsification with hydrophobic acrylic intraocular lens implantation in both eyes with a postoperative follow-up ≥5 years. Patients were classified in 2 groups: symmetric PXF (n=102) and asymmetric PXF (n=59). Preoperative and postoperative uncorrected and corrected distance visual acuity, manifest refraction, IOP, number of hypotensive drugs, visual field mean deviation, and the incidence of complications were registered. Results: The mean follow-up time was 8.5±2.8 years. Six months after cataract surgery, monocular uncorrected and corrected distance visual acuity were 0.3±0.4 and 0.1±0.3 logMAR, respectively, for the symmetric PXF, and 0.2±0.2 and 0.1±0.2 logMAR, respectively, for the asymmetric group. Total 95% and 96% of eyes were within ±1.00D in symmetric and asymmetric groups, respectively. At the final follow-up, IOP decreased only in the asymmetric group (P=0.004), with a reduction in the number of medications in both eyes (P<0.001). Mean deviation changed from −8.8 to −11.6 dB in the symmetric group (P<0.001), and from −5.0±6.2 to −7.9±10.6 dB (P=0.42) in the asymmetric group. Intraoperative complications were only registered in the symmetric group: 7 (3.4%; P=0.04). Ten cases (4.9%) of late intraocular lens dislocation were found, all from the symmetric group (P=0.03). Conclusions: Early lensectomy in patients with PXF before its symmetric presentation resulted in effective, safe, and predictable long-term results.