Current opinion: functional dyspepsia

Abstract

Purpose of review Functional dyspepsia is a common gastrointestinal disease that is under-recognized and under-diagnosed. It is a complex disorder of gut–brain interaction with no FDA-approved treatment options. The purpose of this review is to highlight updates in the proposed pathophysiology and present new data regarding potential therapies for functional dyspepsia. Recent findings Alterations in the intestinal microbiome and integrity of the intestinal membrane may play a crucial role in the pathogenesis of functional dyspepsia. The low FODMAP diet, in addition to modulating the microbiome with antibiotics and probiotics, are targets for large future studies. Novel methods of delivery of gut–brain therapies have shown promising results, especially virtual reality. Summary The pathophysiology and management of functional dyspepsia is complex and there is still much unknown; however, continued research is identifying new targets for treatment. New and more targeted treatment options provide clinicians a variety of tools to offer patients with functional dyspepsia.