Unmasking the long-term effects: unravelling neuropsychiatric and neurological consequences of COVID-19

Author:

Tariq Mahnoor1,Mahak FNU2,Kumar Rahul3,Kumar Ajay2,Kumar Anish4,Khan Javeria2,Muhammad Marvi Ali5,Memon Unaiza4,Maqsood Kanza Mirza6,Tanveer Fariha Shahid7,Gill Anosh4,Jawed Areesha8,Shrestha Sunita9,Waheed Muhammad Hamza2

Affiliation:

1. Foundation University college of dentistry, Islamabad

2. Jinnah Postgraduate Medical Center, Karachi

3. Department of Internal Medicine, Anklesaria Hospital, Karachi

4. Liaquat University of Medical and Health Sciences, Jamshoro, Pakistan

5. Department of Accident and Emergency, Jinnah Postgraduate Medical Center, Karachi

6. AARA Research Center, Dallas, TX, USA

7. Jinnah Medical College Hospital, Karachi

8. Dow University of Health Sciences, Karachi

9. Department of Neurology, Upendra Devkota Memorial, Bansbari, Khatmandu, Nepal

Abstract

The COVID-19 pandemic has not only burdened healthcare systems but has also led to a new emerging medical enigma that is post-COVID-19 syndrome or “long COVID.” Characterized by persistent symptoms that extend beyond the acute phase of the illness, long COVID has rapidly become a public health concern with ambiguous neurological and neuropsychiatric dimensions. This narrative review aims at synthesizing available research to decode the long-term impacts of COVID-19 on neurological and mental health. Drawing from a multitude of studies, this review synthesizes evidence on various neuropsychiatric and neurological symptoms, including cognitive deficits, mood disorders, and more. The narrative delves into potential pathogenic mechanisms, hoping to fill existing research gaps and offering directions for future inquiry. The objective is not just academic; it has immediate real-world implications. Understanding these long-term effects is crucial for developing effective treatments and interventions, thereby better serving the millions of individuals living with these lingering symptoms. As healthcare systems continue to grapple with the fallout from the pandemic, this review provides much-needed context and insights into an area that demands urgent research and action.

Publisher

Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer Health)

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