The renal resistive index is associated with microvascular remodeling in patients with severe obesity

Author:

Moriconi Diego1,Mengozzi Alessandro12,Duranti Emiliano1,Cappelli Federica1,Taddei Stefano1,Nannipieri Monica1,Bruno Rosa Maria3,Virdis Agostino1

Affiliation:

1. Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy

2. Center for Translational and Experimental Cardiology (CTEC), Department of Cardiology, University Hospital Zurich, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland

3. Université Paris Cité, Inserm, PARCC, Paris, France

Abstract

Background: Renal hemodynamics is impaired since the early stage of cardiometabolic disease. However, in obesity, its noninvasive ultrasound assessment still fails to provide pathophysiologic and clinical meaningfulness. We aimed to explore the relationship between peripheral microcirculation and renal hemodynamics in severe obesity. Methods: We enrolled fifty severely obese patients with an indication for bariatric referring to our outpatient clinic. Patients underwent an extensive reno-metabolic examination, paired with Doppler ultrasound and measurement of the renal resistive index (RRI). On the day of the surgery, visceral fat biopsies were collected to perform an ex-vivo complete microcirculatory assessment. Media-to-lumen ratio (M/L) and vascular response to acetylcholine (ACh), alone or co-incubated with NG-nitro arginine methyl ester (L-NAME), were measured. Results: Patients were stratified according to their normotensive (NT) or hypertensive (HT) status. HT had lower estimated glomerular filtration rate and higher RRI compared to NT, while the presence and extent of albuminuria were similar between the two groups. Concerning microcirculatory assessment, there were no differences between groups as regards the microvascular structure, while the vasorelaxation to ACh was lower in HT (P = 0.042). Multivariable analysis showed a relationship between M/L and RRI (P = 0.016, St. β 0.37) and between albuminuria and the inhibitory response of L-NAME to Ach vasodilation (P= 0.036, St. β = −0.34). Notably, all these correlations were consistent also after adjustment for confounding factors. Conclusions: The RRI and albuminuria relationship with microvascular remodeling in patients affected by severe obesity supports the clinical implementation of RRI to improve risk stratification in obesity and suggests a tight pathophysiologic connection between renal haemodynamics and microcirculatory disruption.

Publisher

Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer Health)

Subject

Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine,Physiology,Internal Medicine

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