The UQ Flap: A Novel Modification of the Keystone Flap

Abstract

Summary: Wound closure following excisions on the leg (between the knee and ankle), including the distal leg, is challenged by limited skin laxity. The keystone flap, first described by Behan in 2003, was proposed as one solution, but with a significant complication rate on the distal leg. This pilot study introduces a novel modification of the keystone flap, named the UQ flap, differing from other modifications, with an un-incised portion on one flap border and a unique curved leading-edge to absorb tension and distribute shearing forces in different directions, providing improved flap security and vascularization. The UQ flap was performed on 10 patients in two formats of “U” and “Q” also with two different orientations as base-proximal and base-distal. Other variations including minor deviation from the longitudinal axis, and double flap, were also performed. Except for one case with minor infection, there were no complications, and the results were favorable. No fasciotomy or undermining was required. The UQ flap proved to be a safe and convenient method of wound closure on the leg, including the distal leg. Compared with the keystone flap, there were reduced incisions leading to improved vascularity and less healthy tissue trimming. Its unique shape provided flap flexibility facilitating easy adjustment to the defects. The order and direction of wound closure after the excision of the lesion and incision of the flap are critical.