Comparison of Single-level Cervical Radiculopathy Outcomes Between Posterior Endoscopic Cervical Decompression and Anterior Cervical Discectomy and Fusion

Abstract

Study Design: A retrospective cohort study. Objective: To investigate the mid-term results and technical possibilities of posterior endoscopic cervical decompression (PECD) in the treatment of cervical radiculopathy. Summary of Background Data: PECD has been used in the treatment of cervical radiculopathy for the past decades; there is a paucity of studies directly comparing its outcomes with anterior cervical discectomy and fusion (ACDF) for patients with single-level cervical radiculopathy. Patients and Methods: From January 2016 to December 2018, clinical and radiologic data of 42 patients were collected. Patients were followed for a mean of 40.6 months (range: 30–54 mo) after surgery. Changes in cervical lordosis and degeneration of adjacent segments were analyzed. Dysphagia was assessed using the Bazaz score, and clinical outcomes were analyzed using the Neck Disability Index and visual analog scoring system. Results: There were no significant differences in neurological outcomes between the two groups. Significant between-group differences in postoperative dysphagia were observed (P < 0.05). There were significant differences in postoperative segmental Cobb angles and disc height between the two groups (P < 0.05). Degenerative changes in the adjacent segments occurred in 5 patients in the ACDF group and 1 patient in the PECD group (P < 0.05); no revision surgery was needed. Conclusions: Clinical outcomes of PECD for patients with unilateral radiculopathy were satisfactory. On the premise of a strict selection of indications, we consider this technique to be a safe supplement and alternative to ACDF for patients with unilateral cervical radiculopathy. Longer follow-up periods are required to confirm these observations.