Comparative Effectiveness of Alternate Antibiotic Therapies for Intrapartum Group B Streptococcus Colonization

Author:

Swayze Emma J.,Liske Emily J.,Henry Lydia M.,Dolvin Erin G.,Swailes Alexa L.

Abstract

Background Intrapartum antibiotic therapy is imperative to minimize maternal-to-fetal transmission of group B Streptococcus (GBS). Penicillin is the gold standard for treatment, but there is a paucity of data on alternate antibiotic therapies for penicillin-allergic patients. This study evaluates the effectiveness of alternate antibiotic therapies in this population. Methods This was a retrospective cohort analysis of GBS-positive pregnant patients at a single safety-net hospital from 2019 through 2022. GBS-positive penicillin-allergic patients were matched 1:2 with nonallergic controls. The primary outcomes were as follows: GBS-positive neonates, neonatal length of stay, GBS septicemia, Apgar scores, fetal demise, and 30-day neonatal complications (sepsis, deafness, pneumonia, or meningitis). χ2 and Fisher exact analyses were performed on Stata version 16.1 (StataCorp, College Station, TX). Results Two hundred twenty-three GBS-positive pregnant patients were analyzed, including 78 penicillin-allergic (35.0%) and 145 nonallergic (65%). Patients were treated with vancomycin (n = 64, 28.7%), clindamycin (n = 7, 3.1%), cephalosporins (n = 6, 2.7%), or penicillin (n = 146, 65.5%). Rates of GBS-positive infants were low but varied by antibiotic treatment (P < 0.01): penicillin, 0/146 (0%); vancomycin, 0/64 (0%); clindamycin, 1/7 (14.3%); and cephalosporins, 1/6 (16.7%). There was also a significant difference in 30-day neonatal complications (P = 0.03): penicillin, 3/146 (2.1%); vancomycin, 0/64 (0%); clindamycin, 1/7 (14.3%); and cephalosporins, 1/6 (16.7%) but no difference in length of stay (P = 0.07), 5-minute Apgar scores (P = 0.32), or fetal demise (P = 1.00). Conclusions Antibiotic effectiveness for GBS-positive pregnant patients varied slightly by medication, but the risk was low in all cohorts. Vancomycin appears to be effective for penicillin-allergic patients, but alternative antibiotic therapies may also provide adequate coverage with a lower risk of promoting antibiotic resistance.

Publisher

Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer Health)

Reference11 articles.

1. Prevention of perinatal group B streptococcal disease—revised guidelines from CDC, 2010;MMWR Recomm Rep,2010

2. ACOG Committee Opinion No. 797. American College of Obstetricians and Gynecologists;Obstet Gynecol,2020

3. A cross-sectional study of group B Streptococcus-associated sepsis, coinfections, and antibiotic susceptibility profile in neonates in Pakistan;Adv Neonatal Care,2020

4. Antibiotic choice for group B Streptococcus prophylaxis in mothers with reported penicillin allergy and associated newborn outcomes;BMC Pregnancy Childbirth,2023

5. Gynaecologists on behalf of the Royal College of Obstetricians and Gynaecologists;BJOG,2017

同舟云学术

1.学者识别学者识别

2.学术分析学术分析

3.人才评估人才评估

"同舟云学术"是以全球学者为主线,采集、加工和组织学术论文而形成的新型学术文献查询和分析系统,可以对全球学者进行文献检索和人才价值评估。用户可以通过关注某些学科领域的顶尖人物而持续追踪该领域的学科进展和研究前沿。经过近期的数据扩容,当前同舟云学术共收录了国内外主流学术期刊6万余种,收集的期刊论文及会议论文总量共计约1.5亿篇,并以每天添加12000余篇中外论文的速度递增。我们也可以为用户提供个性化、定制化的学者数据。欢迎来电咨询!咨询电话:010-8811{复制后删除}0370

www.globalauthorid.com

TOP

Copyright © 2019-2024 北京同舟云网络信息技术有限公司
京公网安备11010802033243号  京ICP备18003416号-3