The impact of two dietary patterns on hyperuricemia in adults: A meta analysis of observational studies

Abstract

Background: Hyperuricemia (HUA) is a crucial factor contributing to some chronic diseases among adults. In past observational literatures, scholars have debated the effectiveness of dietary pattern on HUA and inconsistencies exist. Given this condition, the study aimed to provide a comparative assessment of the relation between dietary pattern and HUA risk and offer implications to policy makers. Methods: A systematic research was undertaken in PubMed, Web of Science, Cochrane, Embase, Medicine, ScienceDirect and Medline to identify observational studies examining the effect of dietary pattern on HUA, and search period was from past to January 2022. Meta analysis was applied by using the Stata version 11.0 software. Results: A total of 34,583 adults from 8 observational studies, 45,525 adults from 6 observational studies were included to examine the effectiveness of “healthy” and “meat/western” dietary patterns on HUA risk respectively. The findings suggested that “healthy” dietary pattern significantly decreased the HUA risk (OR = 0.73; 95% CI: 0.61–0.88) both in Eastern countries (OR = 0.79; 95% CI: 0.64–0.98) and Western countries (OR = 0.53; 95% CI: 0.30–0.92) while the “Meat/Western” pattern increased the HUA possibilities (OR = 1.26; 95% CI: 1.17–1.37). Stratified analysis exhibited that “healthy” pattern reduced HUA risk in adults was more effective in cohort study (OR = 0.79; 95% CI: 0.72–0.86). Conclusions: This study’s findings highlighted the potential benefit of healthy dietary pattern in decreasing HUA risk. Accordingly, implementing policy makers of countries should enhance to appeal adults to keep a healthy diet, offer financial support to low-income staff, or provide guidelines for adult’s dietary behavior changes. Trial registration number: INPLASY: INPLASY202290034.