Accurate prediction of solvent flux in sub–1-nm slit-pore nanosheet membranes

Author:

Chen Xiaofang12ORCID,Qin Yao34ORCID,Zhu Yudan34,Pan Xueling34ORCID,Wang Yuqi1ORCID,Ma Hongyu1ORCID,Wang Ruoxin1,Easton Christopher D.5ORCID,Chen Yu6ORCID,Tang Cheng7ORCID,Du Aijun7ORCID,Huang Aisheng2ORCID,Xie Zongli5ORCID,Zhang Xiwang8ORCID,Simon George P.9ORCID,Banaszak Holl Mark M.110ORCID,Lu Xiaohua34ORCID,Novoselov Kostya11ORCID,Wang Huanting1ORCID

Affiliation:

1. Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Monash University, Clayton, Victoria 3800, Australia.

2. State Key Laboratory of Molecular & Process Engineering, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Green Chemistry and Chemical Processes, School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, East China Normal University, Shanghai, China.

3. State Key Laboratory of Materials-Oriented Chemical Engineering, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 211816, China.

4. Suzhou Laboratory, Suzhou 215125, China.

5. CSIRO Manufacturing, Private Bag 10, Clayton South, Victoria 3169, Australia.

6. Monash Centre for Electron Microscopy, Monash University, Victoria 3800, Australia.

7. School of Chemistry, Physics and Mechanical Engineering, Science and Engineering Faculty, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, Queensland 4001, Australia.

8. UQ Dow Centre, School of Chemical Engineering, The University of Queensland, St Lucia, Queensland 4072, Australia.

9. Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Monash University, Clayton, Victoria 3800, Australia.

10. Department of Mechanical and Materials Engineering, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL 35294.

11. Institute for Functional Intelligent Materials, National University of Singapore, Building S9, 4 Science Drive 2, Singapore 117544, Singapore.

Abstract

Nanosheet-based membranes have shown enormous potential for energy-efficient molecular transport and separation applications, but designing these membranes for specific separations remains a great challenge due to the lack of good understanding of fluid transport mechanisms in complex nanochannels. We synthesized reduced MXene/graphene hetero-channel membranes with sub–1-nm pores for experimental measurements and theoretical modeling of their structures and fluid transport rates. Our experiments showed that upon complete rejection of salt and organic dyes, these membranes with subnanometer channels exhibit remarkably high solvent fluxes, and their solvent transport behavior is very different from their homo-structured counterparts. We proposed a subcontinuum flow model that enables accurate prediction of solvent flux in sub–1-nm slit-pore membranes by building a direct relationship between the solvent molecule–channel wall interaction and flux from the confined physical properties of a liquid and the structural parameters of the membranes. This work provides a basis for the rational design of nanosheet-based membranes for advanced separation and emerging nanofluidics.

Publisher

American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)

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