Illuminating the Evolutionary History of Chlamydiae

Author:

Horn Matthias123,Collingro Astrid123,Schmitz-Esser Stephan123,Beier Cora L.123,Purkhold Ulrike123,Fartmann Berthold123,Brandt Petra123,Nyakatura Gerald J.123,Droege Marcus123,Frishman Dmitrij123,Rattei Thomas123,Mewes Hans-Werner123,Wagner Michael123

Affiliation:

1. Department of Microbial Ecology, Institute of Ecology and Conservation Biology, University of Vienna, Althanstrasse 14, 1090 Vienna, Austria.

2. MWG Biotech AG, Anzinger Strasse 7a, 85560 Ebersberg, Germany.

3. Department of Genome-Oriented Bioinformatics, Technische Universität München, Wissenschaftszentrum Weihenstephan, Am Forum 1, 85354 Freising, Germany.

Abstract

Chlamydiae are the major cause of preventable blindness and sexually transmitted disease. Genome analysis of a chlamydia-related symbiont of free-living amoebae revealed that it is twice as large as any of the pathogenic chlamydiae and had few signs of recent lateral gene acquisition. We showed that about 700 million years ago the last common ancestor of pathogenic and symbiotic chlamydiae was already adapted to intracellular survival in early eukaryotes and contained many virulence factors found in modern pathogenic chlamydiae, including a type III secretion system. Ancient chlamydiae appear to be the originators of mechanisms for the exploitation of eukaryotic cells.

Publisher

American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)

Subject

Multidisciplinary

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