On impact and volcanism across the Cretaceous-Paleogene boundary

Author:

Hull Pincelli M.1ORCID,Bornemann André2ORCID,Penman Donald E.1ORCID,Henehan Michael J.13ORCID,Norris Richard D.4ORCID,Wilson Paul A.5,Blum Peter6ORCID,Alegret Laia7ORCID,Batenburg Sietske J.8ORCID,Bown Paul R.9ORCID,Bralower Timothy J.10ORCID,Cournede Cecile1112ORCID,Deutsch Alexander13,Donner Barbara14ORCID,Friedrich Oliver15,Jehle Sofie16,Kim Hojung9ORCID,Kroon Dick17,Lippert Peter C.18ORCID,Loroch Dominik13ORCID,Moebius Iris1519,Moriya Kazuyoshi20ORCID,Peppe Daniel J.21ORCID,Ravizza Gregory E.22,Röhl Ursula14ORCID,Schueth Jonathan D.23,Sepúlveda Julio24ORCID,Sexton Philip F.25ORCID,Sibert Elizabeth C.42627ORCID,Śliwińska Kasia K.28ORCID,Summons Roger E.29ORCID,Thomas Ellen130ORCID,Westerhold Thomas14ORCID,Whiteside Jessica H.5,Yamaguchi Tatsuhiko31,Zachos James C.32ORCID

Affiliation:

1. Department of Geology and Geophysics, Yale University, New Haven, CT 06511, USA.

2. Bundesanstalt für Geowissenschaften und Rohstoffe, 30655 Hannover, Germany.

3. GFZ German Research Centre for Geosciences, 14473 Potsdam, Germany.

4. Scripps Institution of Oceanography, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA.

5. National Oceanography Centre Southampton, University of Southampton, Southampton SO14 3ZH, UK.

6. International Ocean Discovery Program, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX 77845, USA.

7. Departamento de Ciencias de la Tierra and Instituto Universitario de Ciencias Ambientales, Universidad Zaragoza, 50009 Zaragoza, Spain.

8. Géosciences Rennes, Université de Rennes 1, 35042 Rennes, France.

9. Department of Earth Sciences, University College London, London WC1E 6BT, UK.

10. Department of Geosciences, Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA 16802, USA.

11. CEREGE, Université Aix-Marseille, 13545 Aix en Provence, France.

12. Institute for Rock Magnetism, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN 55455, USA.

13. Institut für Planetologie, Universität Münster, 48149 Münster, Germany.

14. MARUM – Center for Marine Environmental Sciences, University of Bremen, 28359 Bremen, Germany.

15. Institute of Earth Sciences, Heidelberg University, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany.

16. Institut für Geophysik und Geologie, Universität Leipzig, 04103 Leipzig, Germany.

17. School of Geosciences, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh EH8 9XP, UK.

18. Department of Geology & Geophysics, The University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT 84112, USA.

19. Department of Biogeochemical Systems, Max Planck Institute for Biogeochemistry, 07745 Jena, Germany.

20. Department of Earth Sciences, Waseda University, Shinjyuku-ku, Tokyo 169-8050, Japan.

21. Department of Geosciences, Baylor University, Waco, TX 76798, USA.

22. Department of Earth Sciences, University of Hawai‘i at Mānoa, Honolulu, HI 96822, USA.

23. ConocoPhillips Company, Houston, TX 77079, USA.

24. Department of Geological Sciences and Institute of Arctic and Alpine Research, University of Colorado Boulder, Boulder, CO 80309, USA.

25. School of Environment, Earth and Ecosystem Sciences, The Open University, Milton Keynes MK7 6AA, UK.

26. Harvard Society of Fellows, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA 02138, USA.

27. Department of Earth and Planetary Sciences, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA 02138, USA.

28. Department of Stratigraphy, Geological Survey of Denmark and Greenland (GEUS), DK-1350 Copenhagen K, Denmark.

29. Department of Earth, Atmospheric and Planetary Sciences, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA.

30. Department of Earth and Environmental Sciences, Wesleyan University, Middletown, CT 06459, USA.

31. National Museum of Nature and Science, Tsukuba, 305-0005, Japan.

32. Department of Earth and Planetary Sciences, University of California, Santa Cruz, CA 95064, USA.

Abstract

An impact with a dash of volcanism Around the time of the end-Cretaceous mass extinction that wiped out dinosaurs, there was both a bolide impact and a large amount of volcanism. Hull et al. ran several temperature simulations based on different volcanic outgassing scenarios and compared them with temperature records across the extinction event. The best model fits to the data required most outgassing to occur before the impact. When combined with other lines of evidence, these models support an impact-driven extinction. However, volcanic gases may have played a role in shaping the rise of different species after the extinction event. Science , this issue p. 266

Funder

National Science Foundation

National Aeronautics and Space Administration

NSF Office of the Director

American Chemical Society Petroleum Research Fund

Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft

Spanish Ministry of Economy and Competitiveness and FEDER

Government of Aragon and FEDER funds

Danish Council for Independent Research/Natural Sciences

Japan Society for the Promotion of Science

Publisher

American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)

Subject

Multidisciplinary

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