Exploration of Victoria Crater by the Mars Rover Opportunity

Author:

Squyres S. W.1,Knoll A. H.2,Arvidson R. E.3,Ashley J. W.4,Bell J. F.1,Calvin W. M.5,Christensen P. R.4,Clark B. C.6,Cohen B. A.7,de Souza P. A.8,Edgar L.9,Farrand W. H.10,Fleischer I.11,Gellert R.12,Golombek M. P.13,Grant J.14,Grotzinger J.9,Hayes A.9,Herkenhoff K. E.15,Johnson J. R.15,Jolliff B.3,Klingelhöfer G.11,Knudson A.4,Li R.16,McCoy T. J.17,McLennan S. M.18,Ming D. W.19,Mittlefehldt D. W.19,Morris R. V.19,Rice J. W.4,Schröder C.11,Sullivan R. J.1,Yen A.13,Yingst R. A.20

Affiliation:

1. Department of Astronomy, Space Sciences Building, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY 14853, USA.

2. Botanical Museum, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA 02138, USA.

3. Department of Earth and Planetary Sciences, Washington University, St. Louis, MO 63031, USA.

4. School of Earth and Space Exploration, Arizona State University, Tempe, AZ 85287, USA.

5. University of Nevada, Reno, Geological Sciences, Reno, NV 89557, USA.

6. Lockheed Martin Corporation, Littleton, CO 80127, USA.

7. National Aeronautics and Space Administration, Marshall Space Flight Center, Huntsville, AL 35812, USA.

8. Tasmanian Information and Communication Technologies Centre, Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organisation, Castray Esplanade, Hobart TAS 7000, Australia.

9. Division of Geological and Planetary Sciences, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA 91125, USA.

10. Space Science Institute, Boulder, CO 80301, USA.

11. Institut für Anorganische und Analytische Chemie, Johannes Gutenberg-Universität, Mainz, Germany.

12. Department of Physics, University of Guelph, Guelph, ON, N1G 2W1, Canada.

13. Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA 91109, USA.

14. Center for Earth and Planetary Studies, Smithsonian Institution, Washington, DC 20560, USA.

15. U.S. Geological Survey, Flagstaff, AZ 86001, USA.

16. Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering and Geodetic Science, Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, USA.

17. Department of Mineral Sciences, National Museum of Natural History, Smithsonian Institution, Washington, DC 20560, USA.

18. Department of Geosciences, State University of New York, Stony Brook, NY 11794, USA.

19. Astromaterials Research and Exploration Science, NASA Johnson Space Center, Houston, TX 77058, USA.

20. Natural and Applied Sciences, University of Wisconsin Green Bay, Green Bay, WI 54311, USA.

Abstract

“Lake” Victoria? After having explored the Eagle and Endurance craters, which are separated by only 800 meters, the Mars Exploration Rover Opportunity spent 2 years at Victoria, a much larger impact crater located 6 kilometers south across Meridiani Planum. Sedimentary rocks previously analyzed at Eagle and Endurance point to local environmental conditions that included abundant liquid water in the ancient past. Now, an analysis of rocks in the walls of Victoria by Squyres et al. (p. 1058 ) reveals that the aqueous alteration processes that operated at Eagle and Endurance also acted at Victoria. In addition, sedimentary layering in the crater walls preserves evidence of ancient windblown dunes.

Publisher

American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)

Subject

Multidisciplinary

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