Direct imaging and astrometric detection of a gas giant planet orbiting an accelerating star

Author:

Currie Thayne123ORCID,Brandt G. Mirek4,Brandt Timothy D.4ORCID,Lacy Brianna56ORCID,Burrows Adam5ORCID,Guyon Olivier178ORCID,Tamura Motohide7910ORCID,Liu Ranger Y.11ORCID,Sagynbayeva Sabina12,Tobin Taylor13ORCID,Chilcote Jeffrey13,Groff Tyler14,Marois Christian1516ORCID,Thompson William16,Murphy Simon J.1718ORCID,Kuzuhara Masayuki79ORCID,Lawson Kellen14ORCID,Lozi Julien1ORCID,Deo Vincent1ORCID,Vievard Sebastien1,Skaf Nour1ORCID,Uyama Taichi919ORCID,Jovanovic Nemanja20ORCID,Martinache Frantz21ORCID,Kasdin N. Jeremy22ORCID,Kudo Tomoyuki1,McElwain Michael14ORCID,Janson Markus23ORCID,Wisniewski John24ORCID,Hodapp Klaus25,Nishikawa Jun910ORCID,Hełminiak Krzysztof26ORCID,Kwon Jungmi10ORCID,Hayashi Masahiko9

Affiliation:

1. Subaru Telescope, National Astronomical Observatory of Japan, Hilo, HI 96720, USA.

2. University of Texas-San Antonio, San Antonio, TX 78006, USA.

3. Eureka Scientific, Oakland, CA 94602, USA.

4. Department of Physics, University of California, Santa Barbara, Santa Barbara, CA 93106, USA.

5. Department of Astrophysical Sciences, Princeton University, Princeton, NJ 08544, USA.

6. Department of Astronomy, University of Texas-Austin, Austin, TX 78712, USA.

7. Astrobiology Center, Osawa, Mitaka, Tokyo 181-8588, Japan.

8. Steward Observatory, The University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ 85721, USA.

9. National Astronomical Observatory of Japan, Osawa, Mitaka, Tokyo 181-8588, Japan.

10. Department of Astronomy, Graduate School of Science, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo 113-0033, Japan.

11. Department of Astronomy, Columbia University, New York, NY 10027, USA.

12. Department of Physics and Astronomy, State University of New York–Stony Brook, Stony Brook, NY 11790, USA.

13. Department of Physics, University of Notre Dame, Notre Dame, IN 46556, USA.

14. NASA-Goddard Space Flight Center, Greenbelt, MD 20771, USA.

15. National Research Council-Herzberg, Victoria, BC V9E 2E7, Canada.

16. Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Victoria, Victoria, BC V8W 2Y2, Canada.

17. Sydney Institute for Astronomy, School of Physics, University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia.

18. Centre for Astrophysics, University of Southern Queensland, Toowoomba, QLD 4350, Australia.

19. Infrared Processing and Analysis Center, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA 91125, USA.

20. Department of Astronomy, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA 91125, USA.

21. Universite Cote d’Azur, Observatoire de la Cote d’Azur, Laboratoire Lagrange, Nice 06000, France.

22. Department of Mechanical Engineering, Princeton University, Princeton, NJ 08544, USA.

23. Department of Astronomy, Stockholm University, Stockholm 114 19, Sweden.

24. Department of Physics and Astronomy, George Mason University, Fairfax, VA 22030, USA.

25. Institute for Astronomy, University of Hawai’i, Hilo, HI 96720, USA.

26. Nicolaus Copernicus Astronomical Center, Polish Academy of Sciences, Torun 87-100, Poland.

Abstract

Direct imaging of gas giant exoplanets provides information on their atmospheres and the architectures of planetary systems. However, few planets have been detected in blind surveys with direct imaging. Using astrometry from the Gaia and Hipparcos spacecraft, we identified dynamical evidence for a gas giant planet around the nearby star HIP 99770. We confirmed the detection of this planet with direct imaging using the Subaru Coronagraphic Extreme Adaptive Optics instrument. The planet, HIP 99770 b, orbits 17 astronomical units from its host star, receiving an amount of light similar to that reaching Jupiter. Its dynamical mass is 13.9 to 16.1 Jupiter masses. The planet-to-star mass ratio [(7 to 8) × 10 −3 ] is similar to that of other directly imaged planets. The planet’s atmospheric spectrum indicates an older, less cloudy analog of the previously imaged exoplanets around HR 8799.

Publisher

American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)

Subject

Multidisciplinary

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