The Paleozoic Origin of Enzymatic Lignin Decomposition Reconstructed from 31 Fungal Genomes

Author:

Floudas Dimitrios1,Binder Manfred1,Riley Robert2,Barry Kerrie2,Blanchette Robert A.3,Henrissat Bernard4,Martínez Angel T.5,Otillar Robert2,Spatafora Joseph W.6,Yadav Jagjit S.7,Aerts Andrea2,Benoit Isabelle89,Boyd Alex6,Carlson Alexis1,Copeland Alex2,Coutinho Pedro M.4,de Vries Ronald P.89,Ferreira Patricia10,Findley Keisha11,Foster Brian2,Gaskell Jill12,Glotzer Dylan1,Górecki Paweł13,Heitman Joseph11,Hesse Cedar6,Hori Chiaki14,Igarashi Kiyohiko14,Jurgens Joel A.3,Kallen Nathan1,Kersten Phil12,Kohler Annegret15,Kües Ursula16,Kumar T. K. Arun17,Kuo Alan2,LaButti Kurt2,Larrondo Luis F.18,Lindquist Erika2,Ling Albee1,Lombard Vincent4,Lucas Susan2,Lundell Taina19,Martin Rachael1,McLaughlin David J.17,Morgenstern Ingo20,Morin Emanuelle15,Murat Claude15,Nagy Laszlo G.1,Nolan Matt2,Ohm Robin A.2,Patyshakuliyeva Aleksandrina9,Rokas Antonis21,Ruiz-Dueñas Francisco J.5,Sabat Grzegorz22,Salamov Asaf2,Samejima Masahiro14,Schmutz Jeremy23,Slot Jason C.21,St. John Franz12,Stenlid Jan24,Sun Hui2,Sun Sheng11,Syed Khajamohiddin7,Tsang Adrian20,Wiebenga Ad9,Young Darcy1,Pisabarro Antonio25,Eastwood Daniel C.26,Martin Francis15,Cullen Dan12,Grigoriev Igor V.2,Hibbett David S.1

Affiliation:

1. Biology Department, Clark University, Worcester, MA 01610, USA.

2. U.S. Department of Energy Joint Genome Institute, Walnut Creek, CA 94598, USA.

3. Department of Plant Pathology, University of Minnesota, St. Paul, MN 55108, USA.

4. Architecture et Fonction des Macromolécules Biologiques, Aix-Marseille Université, CNRS UMR 6098, 13288 Marseille Cedex 9, France.

5. Centro de Investigaciones Biológicas, CSIC, Ramiro de Maeztu 9, E-28040 Madrid, Spain.

6. Department of Botany and Plant Pathology, Oregon State University, Corvallis, OR 97331, USA.

7. Environmental Genetics and Molecular Toxicology Division, Department of Environmental Health, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, OH 45267, USA.

8. Microbiology and Kluyver Centre for Genomics of Industrial Fermentation, Utrecht University, Padualaan 8, 3584 CH Utrecht, Netherlands.

9. CBS-KNAW Fungal Biodiversity Centre, Uppsalalaan 8, 3584 CT Utrecht, Netherlands.

10. Department of Biochemistry and Molecular and Cellular Biology and Institute of Biocomputation and Physics of Complex Systems, Zaragoza University, 50009, Zaragoza, Spain.

11. Department of Molecular Genetics and Microbiology, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC 27710, USA.

12. USDA Forest Products Laboratory, Madison, WI 53726, USA.

13. Institute of Informatics, Warsaw University, Warsaw, 02-097, Poland.

14. Department of Biomaterial Sciences, Graduate School of Agricultural and Life Sciences, University of Tokyo, 1-1-1, Yayoi, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8657, Japan.

15. INRA, UMR 1136, INRA-Nancy Université, Interactions Arbres/Microorganismes, 54280 Champenoux, France.

16. Molecular Wood Biotechnology and Technical Mycology, Büsgen-Institute, Georg-August-University Göttingen, Büsgenweg 2, D-37077 Göttingen, Germany.

17. Department of Plant Biology, University of Minnesota, St. Paul, MN 55108, USA.

18. Departamento de Genética Molecular y Microbiología, Facultad de Ciencias Biológicas, Pontifica Universidad Católica de Chile, Casilla 114-D, Santiago 833-1010, Chile.

19. Department of Applied Chemistry and Microbiology, Viikki Biocenter, P.O. Box 56, Biocenter 1, University of Helsinki, FIN-00014 Helsinki, Finland.

20. Centre for Structural and Functional Genomics, Concordia University, 7141 Sherbrooke Street West, Montreal, Quebec H4B 1R6, Canada.

21. Department of Biological Sciences, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN 37235, USA.

22. University of Wisconsin Biotechnology Center, Madison, WI 53726, USA.

23. HudsonAlpha Institute for Biotechnology, Huntsville, AL 35806, USA.

24. Department of Forest Mycology and Pathology, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, Box 7026, Ulls v 26A, 750 07 Uppsala, Sweden.

25. Genetics and Microbiology Research Group, Public University of Navarre, 31006 Pamplona, Spain.

26. College of Science, University of Swansea, Singleton Park, Swansea SA2 8PP, UK.

Abstract

Dating Wood Rot Specific lineages within the basidiomycete fungi, white rot species, have evolved the ability to break up a major structural component of woody plants, lignin, relative to their non–lignin-decaying brown rot relatives. Through the deep phylogenetic sampling of fungal genomes, Floudas et al. (p. 1715 ; see the Perspective by Hittinger ) mapped the detailed evolution of wood-degrading enzymes. A key peroxidase and other enzymes involved in lignin decay were present in the common ancestor of the Agaricomycetes. These genes then expanded through gene duplications in parallel, giving rise to white rot lineages.

Publisher

American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)

Subject

Multidisciplinary

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