Plant cell wall patterning and expansion mediated by protein-peptide-polysaccharide interaction

Author:

Moussu Steven1ORCID,Lee Hyun Kyung1ORCID,Haas Kalina T.2ORCID,Broyart Caroline1ORCID,Rathgeb Ursina3ORCID,De Bellis Damien34ORCID,Levasseur Thomas5,Schoenaers Sébastjen26ORCID,Fernandez Gorka S.7ORCID,Grossniklaus Ueli7ORCID,Bonnin Estelle5,Hosy Eric8ORCID,Vissenberg Kris69ORCID,Geldner Niko3ORCID,Cathala Bernard5ORCID,Höfte Herman2ORCID,Santiago Julia1ORCID

Affiliation:

1. The Plant Signaling Mechanisms Laboratory, Department of Plant Molecular Biology, University of Lausanne, 1015 Lausanne, Switzerland.

2. Université Paris-Saclay, INRAE, AgroParisTech, Institut Jean-Pierre Bourgin (IJPB), 78000 Versailles, France.

3. Department of Plant Molecular Biology, University of Lausanne, 1015 Lausanne, Switzerland.

4. Electron Microscopy Facility, University of Lausanne, 1015 Lausanne, Switzerland.

5. INRAE, UR1268 BIA, F-44300 Nantes, France.

6. Integrated Molecular Plant Physiology Research (IMPRES), Department of Biology, University of Antwerp, 2020 Antwerp, Belgium.

7. Department of Plant and Microbial Biology & Zurich-Basel Plant Science Center, University of Zurich, 8008 Zurich, Switzerland.

8. IINS, CNRS UMR5297, University of Bordeaux, 33000 Bordeaux, France.

9. Plant Biochemistry & Biotechnology Lab, Department of Agriculture, Hellenic Mediterranean University, Stavromenos PC 71410, Heraklion, Crete, Greece.

Abstract

Assembly of cell wall polysaccharides into specific patterns is required for plant growth. A complex of RAPID ALKALINIZATION FACTOR 4 (RALF4) and its cell wall–anchored LEUCINE-RICH REPEAT EXTENSIN 8 (LRX8)–interacting protein is crucial for cell wall integrity during pollen tube growth, but its molecular connection with the cell wall is unknown. Here, we show that LRX8-RALF4 complexes adopt a heterotetrametric configuration in vivo, displaying a dendritic distribution. The LRX8-RALF4 complex specifically interacts with demethylesterified pectins in a charge-dependent manner through RALF4’s polycationic surface. The LRX8-RALF4-pectin interaction exerts a condensing effect, patterning the cell wall’s polymers into a reticulated network essential for wall integrity and expansion. Our work uncovers a dual structural and signaling role for RALF4 in pollen tube growth and in the assembly of complex extracellular polymers.

Publisher

American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)

Subject

Multidisciplinary

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