Formation of Electron Holes and Particle Energization During Magnetic Reconnection

Author:

Drake J. F.1,Swisdak M.1,Cattell C.2,Shay M. A.1,Rogers B. N.3,Zeiler A.4

Affiliation:

1. University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742, USA.

2. School of Physics and Astronomy, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN 55455, USA.

3. Department of Physics and Astronomy, Dartmouth College, Hanover, NH 03755, USA.

4. Centre for Interdisciplinary Plasma Science, Max-Planck-Institut für Plasmaphysik, 85748 Garching, Germany.

Abstract

Three-dimensional particle simulations of magnetic reconnection reveal the development of turbulence driven by intense electron beams that form near the magnetic x-line and separatrices. The turbulence collapses into localized three-dimensional nonlinear structures in which the electron density is depleted. The predicted structure of these electron holes compares favorably with satellite observations at Earth's magnetopause. The birth and death of these electron holes and their associated intense electric fields lead to strong electron scattering and energization, whose understanding is critical to explaining why magnetic explosions in space release energy so quickly and produce such a large number of energetic electrons.

Publisher

American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)

Subject

Multidisciplinary

Reference25 articles.

1. Sweet's mechanism for merging magnetic fields in conducting fluids

2. P. A. Sweet in Electromagnetic Phenomena in Cosmical Physics B. Lehnert Ed. (Cambridge Univ. Press New York 1958) p. 123.

3. Magnetic reconnection via current sheets

4. A. A. Galeev R. Z. Sagdeev Handbook of Plasma Physics (North-Holland Physics Amsterdam 1984) vol. 2 chap. 6.1 p. 271.

5. H. E. Petschek in AAS/ NASA Symposium on the Physics of Solar Flares W. N. Ness Ed. (NASA Washington DC 1964) p. 425.

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