A Reconciled Estimate of Ice-Sheet Mass Balance-Reference-Cited by-同舟云学术

A Reconciled Estimate of Ice-Sheet Mass Balance

Published:2012-11-30 Issue:6111 Volume:338 Page:1183-1189
ISSN:0036-8075
Container-title:Science
language:en
Short-container-title:Science

Author:

Shepherd Andrew¹,Ivins Erik R.²,A Geruo³,Barletta Valentina R.⁴,Bentley Mike J.⁵,Bettadpur Srinivas⁶,Briggs Kate H.¹,Bromwich David H.⁷,Forsberg René⁴,Galin Natalia⁸,Horwath Martin⁹,Jacobs Stan¹⁰,Joughin Ian¹¹,King Matt A.¹²¹³,Lenaerts Jan T. M.¹⁴,Li Jilu¹⁵,Ligtenberg Stefan R. M.¹⁴,Luckman Adrian¹⁶,Luthcke Scott B.¹⁷,McMillan Malcolm¹,Meister Rakia⁸,Milne Glenn¹⁸,Mouginot Jeremie¹⁹,Muir Alan⁸,Nicolas Julien P.⁷,Paden John¹⁵,Payne Antony J.²⁰,Pritchard Hamish²¹,Rignot Eric²¹⁹,Rott Helmut²²,Sørensen Louise Sandberg⁴,Scambos Ted A.²³,Scheuchl Bernd¹⁹,Schrama Ernst J. O.²⁴,Smith Ben¹¹,Sundal Aud V.¹,van Angelen Jan H.¹⁴,van de Berg Willem J.¹⁴,van den Broeke Michiel R.¹⁴,Vaughan David G.²¹,Velicogna Isabella²¹⁹,Wahr John³,Whitehouse Pippa L.⁵,Wingham Duncan J.⁸,Yi Donghui²⁵,Young Duncan²⁶,Zwally H. Jay²⁷

Affiliation:

1. School of Earth and Environment, University of Leeds, Leeds LS2 9JT, UK.

2. Jet Propulsion Laboratory, M/S 300-233, 4800 Oak Grove Drive, Pasadena, CA 91109, USA.

3. Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO 80309–0390, USA.

4. Geodynamics Department, Technical University of Denmark, DTU SPACE, National Space Institute, Elektrovej, Building 327, DK-2800 Kgs. Lyngby, Denmark.

5. Department of Geography, Durham University, South Road, Durham DH1 3LE, UK.

6. Center for Space Research, University of Texas at Austin, 3925 West Braker Lane, Suite 200, Austin, TX 78759–5321, USA.

7. Polar Meteorology Group, Byrd Polar Research Center, and Atmospheric Sciences Program, Department of Geography, The Ohio State University, 1090 Carmack Road, Columbus, OH 43210, USA.

8. Centre for Polar Observation and Modelling, Department of Earth Sciences, University College London, London WC1E 6BT, UK.

9. Institut für Astronomische und Physikalische Geodäsie, Technische Universität München, Arcisstraße 21, 80333 München, Germany.

10. Lamont-Doherty Earth Observatory (LDEO), 205 Oceanography, 61 Route 9W - Post Office Box 1000, Palisades, NY 10964, USA.

11. Polar Science Center, Applied Physics Laboratory, University of Washington, 1013 NE 40th Street, Seattle, WA 98105–6698, USA.

12. School of Civil Engineering and Geosciences, Cassie Building, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne NE1 7RU, UK.

13. School of Geography and Environmental Studies, University of Tasmania, Hobart 7001, Australia.

14. Utrecht University, Institute for Marine and Atmospheric Research, Princetonplein 5, Utrecht, Netherlands.

15. Center for Remote Sensing of Ice Sheets, University of Kansas, Nichols Hall, 2335 Irving Hill Road, Lawrence, KS 66045, USA.

16. Department of Geography, College of Science, Swansea University, Singleton Park, Swansea SA2 8PP, UK.

17. National Aeronautical and Space Administration (NASA) Goddard Space Flight Center, Planetary Geodynamics Laboratory, Greenbelt, MD 20771, USA.

18. Department of Earth Sciences, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ontario K1N 6N5, Canada.

19. Department of Earth System Science, University of California, 3226 Croul Hall, Irvine, CA 92697–3100, USA.

20. School of Geographical Sciences, University of Bristol, Bristol BS8 1SS, UK.

21. British Antarctic Survey, High Cross, Madingley Road, Cambridge CB3 0ET, UK.

22. Institute of Meteorology and Geophysics, University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria.

23. National Snow and Ice Data Center, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO 80309, USA.

24. Delft University of Technology, Faculty of Aerospace Engineering, Kluyverweg 1, 2629 HS Delft, Netherlands.

25. SGT Incorporated, NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, Cryospheric Sciences Laboratory, Code 615 Greenbelt, MD 20771, USA.

26. Institute for Geophysics, University of Texas, Austin, TX 78759, USA.

27. NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, Cryospheric Sciences Laboratory, Code 615 Greenbelt, MD 20771, USA.

Abstract

Warming and Melting Mass loss from the ice sheets of Greenland and Antarctica account for a large fraction of global sea-level rise. Part of this loss is because of the effects of warmer air temperatures, and another because of the rising ocean temperatures to which they are being exposed. Joughin et al. (p. 1172 ) review how ocean-ice interactions are impacting ice sheets and discuss the possible ways that exposure of floating ice shelves and grounded ice margins are subject to the influences of warming ocean currents. Estimates of the mass balance of the ice sheets of Greenland and Antarctica have differed greatly—in some cases, not even agreeing about whether there is a net loss or a net gain—making it more difficult to project accurately future sea-level change. Shepherd et al. (p. 1183 ) combined data sets produced by satellite altimetry, interferometry, and gravimetry to construct a more robust ice-sheet mass balance for the period between 1992 and 2011. All major regions of the two ice sheets appear to be losing mass, except for East Antarctica. All told, mass loss from the polar ice sheets is contributing about 0.6 millimeters per year (roughly 20% of the total) to the current rate of global sea-level rise.

Publisher

American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)

Subject

Multidisciplinary

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