Ultrastructural evidence for synaptic scaling across the wake/sleep cycle

Author:

de Vivo Luisa1,Bellesi Michele12,Marshall William1,Bushong Eric A.3,Ellisman Mark H.34,Tononi Giulio1,Cirelli Chiara1

Affiliation:

1. Department of Psychiatry, University of Wisconsin–Madison, 6001 Research Park Boulevard, Madison, WI 53719, USA.

2. Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, Section of Neuroscience and Cell Biology, Università Politecnica delle Marche, Ancona, Italy.

3. National Center for Microscopy and Imaging Research, University of California, San Diego, 9500 Gilman Drive, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA.

4. Department of Neurosciences, School of Medicine, University of California, San Diego, 9500 Gilman Drive, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA.

Abstract

Synapse remodeling during sleep General activity and information processing while an animal is awake drive synapse strengthening. This is counterbalanced by weakening of synapses during sleep (see the Perspective by Acsády). De Vivo et al. used serial scanning electron microscopy to reconstruct axon-spine interface and spine head volume in the mouse brain. They observed a substantial decrease in interface size after sleep. The largest relative changes occurred among weak synapses, whereas strong ones remained stable. Diering et al. found that synapses undergo changes in synaptic glutamate receptors during the sleep-wake cycle, driven by the immediate early gene Homer1a. In awake animals, Homer1a accumulates in neurons but is excluded from synapses by high levels of noradrenaline. At the onset of sleep, noradrenaline levels decline, allowing Homer1a to move to excitatory synapses and drive synapse weakening. Science , this issue p. 457 , p. 507 ; see also p. 511

Funder

NIH

National Center for Microscopy and Imaging

Publisher

American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)

Subject

Multidisciplinary

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