The Geological, Isotopic, Botanical, Invertebrate, and Lower Vertebrate Surroundings of Ardipithecus ramidus

Author:

WoldeGabriel Giday1,Ambrose Stanley H.2,Barboni Doris3,Bonnefille Raymonde3,Bremond Laurent4,Currie Brian5,DeGusta David6,Hart William K.5,Murray Alison M.7,Renne Paul R.8,Jolly-Saad M. C.9,Stewart Kathlyn M.10,White Tim D.11

Affiliation:

1. Earth Environmental Sciences Division, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM 87545, USA.

2. Department of Anthropology, University of Illinois, Urbana, IL 61801, USA.

3. CEREGE (UMR6635 CNRS/Université Aix-Marseille), BP80, F-13545 Aix-en-Provence Cedex 4, France.

4. Center for Bio-Archaeology and Ecology (UMR5059 CNRS/Université Montpellier 2/EPHE), Institut de Botanique, F-34090 Montpellier, France.

5. Department of Geology, Miami University, Oxford, OH 45056, USA.

6. Department of Anthropology, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA.

7. Department of Biological Sciences, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta T6G 2E9, Canada.

8. Berkeley Geochronology Center, 2455 Ridge Road, Berkeley, CA 94709, USA, and Department of Earth and Planetary Science, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA.

9. Université Paris-Ouest La Défense, Centre Henri Elhaï, 200 Avenue de la République, 92001 Nanterre, France.

10. Paleobiology, Canadian Museum of Nature, Ottawa, Ontario K1P 6P4, Canada.

11. Human Evolution Research Center and Department of Integrative Biology, 3101 Valley Life Sciences Building, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA.

Abstract

Sediments containing Ardipithecus ramidus were deposited 4.4 million years ago on an alluvial floodplain in Ethiopia’s western Afar rift. The Lower Aramis Member hominid-bearing unit, now exposed across a >9-kilometer structural arc, is sandwiched between two volcanic tuffs that have nearly identical 40 Ar/ 39 Ar ages. Geological data presented here, along with floral, invertebrate, and vertebrate paleontological and taphonomic evidence associated with the hominids, suggest that they occupied a wooded biotope over the western three-fourths of the paleotransect. Phytoliths and oxygen and carbon stable isotopes of pedogenic carbonates provide evidence of humid cool woodlands with a grassy substrate.

Publisher

American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)

Subject

Multidisciplinary

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