Optical Observations of Comet Hale-Bopp (C/1995 O1) at Large Heliocentric Distances Before Perihelion-Reference-Cited by-同舟云学术

Optical Observations of Comet Hale-Bopp (C/1995 O1) at Large Heliocentric Distances Before Perihelion

Published:1997-03-28 Issue:5308 Volume:275 Page:1909-1912
ISSN:0036-8075
Container-title:Science
language:en
Short-container-title:Science

Author:

Rauer Heike¹,Arpigny Claude²,Boehnhardt Hermann³,Colas François⁴,Crovisier Jacques¹,Jorda Laurent¹,Küppers Michael¹,Manfroid Jean²,Rembor Kai¹,Thomas Nicolas¹

Affiliation:

1. H. Rauer and J. Crovisier, Observatoire de Paris-Meudon, 5, Place Jules Janssen, F-92190 Meudon, France.

2. C. Arpigny and J. Manfroid, Institut d'Astrophysique, Avenue de Cointe 5, B-4000 Lige, Belgium.

3. H. Boehnhardt, Institut für Astronomie und Astrophysik, Ludwig-Maximilian-Universität München, Scheinerstrasse 1, D-81679 München, Germany.

4. F. Colas, Bureau des Longitudes, 77, Avenue Denfert Rochereau, F-75014 Paris, France. L. Jorda, K. Rembor, N. Thomas, MPI für Aeronomie, Max-Planck-Strasse 2, D-37191 Katlenburg-Lindau Germany.

Abstract

The activity of comet Hale-Bopp (C/1995 O1) was monitored monthly by optical imaging and long-slit spectroscopy of its dust and gas distribution over heliocentric distances of 4.6 to 2.9 astronomical units. The observed band intensities of the NH 2 radical and the H 2 O + ion cannot be explained by existing models of fluorescence excitation, warranting a reexamination of the corresponding production rates, at least at large heliocentric distances. Comparing the production rate of the CN radical to its proposed parent, HCN, shows no evidence for the need of a major additional source for CN in Hale-Bopp at large heliocentric distances. The dust and CN production rates are consistent with a significant amount of sublimation occurring from icy dust grains surrounding Hale-Bopp.

Publisher

American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)

Subject

Multidisciplinary

Reference34 articles.

1. We used the Danish Faint Object Spectrograph (DFOSC) a focal reducer-type instrument which allowed us to switch between spectra (3700 to 7000 Å; resolution: April and June: 15 Å August and October: 18 Å) and imaging. The field-of-view was ≈13 arc min. The slit was aligned with the sun-comet axis.

2. Because no special filters centered on the cometary emissions were available to us we chose filters from the standard ESO filters set [no. 514 at 3849 Å (band width 87 Å) for CN; no. 430 at 5117 Å (band width 56 Å) for C 2 ]. Filter no. 510 at 4467 Å (band width 56 Å) has been used for continuum subtraction.

3. We used the medium-resolution spectrograph CARELEC in the range 3600 to 6800 Å (resolution: 7 Å). The slit length was 5 arc min. Spectra were taken with different slit orientations and averages obtained from these spectra.

4. Sekanina Z. Boehnhardt H. IAU Circular 6542 1997);

5. Kidger M. R. et al. in preparation.

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