Intra- and Interspecific Variation in Primate Gene Expression Patterns-Reference-Cited by-全球学者库

Intra- and Interspecific Variation in Primate Gene Expression Patterns

Published:2002-04-12 Issue:5566 Volume:296 Page:340-343
ISSN:0036-8075
Container-title:Science
language:en
Short-container-title:Science

Author:

Enard Wolfgang¹,Khaitovich Philipp¹,Klose Joachim²,Zöllner Sebastian¹,Heissig Florian¹,Giavalisco Patrick³,Nieselt-Struwe Kay⁴,Muchmore Elaine⁵⁶,Varki Ajit⁵,Ravid Rivka⁷,Doxiadis Gaby M.⁸,Bontrop Ronald E.⁸,Pääbo Svante¹

Affiliation:

1. Max-Planck-Institute for Evolutionary Anthropology, Inselstrasse 22, D-04103 Leipzig, Germany.

2. Institut fuer Humangenetik Charité, D-13353 Berlin, Germany.

3. Max-Planck-Institute for Molecular Genetics, D-14195 Berlin, Germany.

4. Max-Planck-Institute of Biophysical Chemistry, D-37077 Göttingen, Germany.

5. University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA.

6. VA Medical Center, San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA.

7. The Netherlands Brain Bank, Amsterdam, the Netherlands.

8. Biomedical Primate Research Centre, Rijswijk, the Netherlands.

Abstract

Although humans and their closest evolutionary relatives, the chimpanzees, are 98.7% identical in their genomic DNA sequences, they differ in many morphological, behavioral, and cognitive aspects. The underlying genetic basis of many of these differences may be altered gene expression. We have compared the transcriptome in blood leukocytes, liver, and brain of humans, chimpanzees, orangutans, and macaques using microarrays, as well as protein expression patterns of humans and chimpanzees using two-dimensional gel electrophoresis. We also studied three mouse species that are approximately as related to each other as are humans, chimpanzees, and orangutans. We identified species-specific gene expression patterns indicating that changes in protein and gene expression have been particularly pronounced in the human brain.

Publisher

American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)

Subject

Multidisciplinary

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5. All apes used in this study died of natural causes. In all cases postmortem times were shorter than 6 hours and only minimal RNA degradation was seen by agarose electrophoresis. Preparation of the samples for the Affymetrix arrays hybridization and scanning were performed as described (18). Nine of 10 genes that differed at least twofold between human and chimpanzee brains could be verified by a Northern analysis. Details of experimental procedures are available on Science Online at www.sciencemag.org/cgi/content/full/296/5566/340/DC1 and on .

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