Functional Characterization of the S. cerevisiae Genome by Gene Deletion and Parallel Analysis

Author:

Winzeler Elizabeth A.1,Shoemaker Daniel D.2,Astromoff Anna1,Liang Hong1,Anderson Keith1,Andre Bruno3,Bangham Rhonda4,Benito Rocio5,Boeke Jef D.6,Bussey Howard7,Chu Angela M.1,Connelly Carla6,Davis Karen1,Dietrich Fred8,Dow Sally Whelen2,El Bakkoury Mohamed9,Foury Françoise10,Friend Stephen H.2,Gentalen Erik11,Giaever Guri1,Hegemann Johannes H.12,Jones Ted1,Laub Michael1,Liao Hong4,Liebundguth Nicole8,Lockhart David J.11,Lucau-Danila Anca10,Lussier Marc7,M'Rabet Nasiha3,Menard Patrice7,Mittmann Michael11,Pai Chai1,Rebischung Corinne8,Revuelta Jose L.5,Riles Linda13,Roberts Christopher J.2,Ross-MacDonald Petra4,Scherens Bart9,Snyder Michael4,Sookhai-Mahadeo Sharon6,Storms Reginald K.7,Véronneau Steeve7,Voet Marleen14,Volckaert Guido14,Ward Teresa R.2,Wysocki Robert10,Yen Grace S.1,Yu Kexin6,Zimmermann Katja12,Philippsen Peter8,Johnston Mark13,Davis Ronald W.1

Affiliation:

1. Department of Biochemistry, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305–5307, USA.

2. Rosetta Inpharmatics Inc., 12040 115th Street NE, Kirkland, WA 98034, USA.

3. Universite Libre de Bruxelles, Laboratoire de Physiologie Cellulaire et de Genetique des Levures, Campus Plaine, Brussels CP244, Belgium.

4. Department of Molecular, Cellular & Developmental Biology, Yale University, New Haven, CT 06520–8103, USA.

5. Dipartimento de Microbiologia y Genetica, Universidad de Salamanca, Edificio Depatamental 323/CSIC, Campus Miguel de Unamuno, E-37007 Salamanca, Spain.

6. Department of Molecular Biology & Genetics, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, 617 Hunterian Building, 725 North Wolfe Street, Baltimore, MD 21205–2185, USA.

7. Department of Biology, McGill University, Montreal, PQ, Canada H3A 1B1.

8. Biozentrum, Department of Molecular Microbiology, Biozentrum, University of Basel, Switzerland.

9. IRMW-ULB, Avenue E. Gryson, 1, B-1070 Brussels, Belgium.

10. FYSA-UCL, Place Croix du Sud, 2/20, 1348-Louvain-la-Neuve, Belgium.

11. Affymetrix, 3380 Central Expressway, Santa Clara, CA 95051, USA.

12. Institut für Mikrobiologie, Geb. 26.12.01 Raum 64, Universitaetsstrasse 1, D-40225 Düsseldorf, Germany.

13. Department of Genetics, Washington University Medical School, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA.

14. Katholieke Universiteit Leuven, Laboratory of Gene Technology, Kardinaal Mercierlaan 92, B-3001 Leuven, Belgium.

Abstract

The functions of many open reading frames (ORFs) identified in genome-sequencing projects are unknown. New, whole-genome approaches are required to systematically determine their function. A total of 6925 Saccharomyces cerevisiae strains were constructed, by a high-throughput strategy, each with a precise deletion of one of 2026 ORFs (more than one-third of the ORFs in the genome). Of the deleted ORFs, 17 percent were essential for viability in rich medium. The phenotypes of more than 500 deletion strains were assayed in parallel. Of the deletion strains, 40 percent showed quantitative growth defects in either rich or minimal medium.

Publisher

American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)

Subject

Multidisciplinary

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