The Enigma of Prokaryotic Life in Deep Hypersaline Anoxic Basins

Author:

van der Wielen Paul W. J. J.12345,Bolhuis Henk12345,Borin Sara12345,Daffonchio Daniele12345,Corselli Cesare12345,Giuliano Laura12345,D'Auria Giuseppe12345,de Lange Gert J.12345,Huebner Andreas12345,Varnavas Sotirios P.12345,Thomson John12345,Tamburini Christian12345,Marty Danielle12345,McGenity Terry J.12345,Timmis Kenneth N.12345,

Affiliation:

1. Laboratory of Microbial Ecology, University of Groningen, 9751 NN Haren, Netherlands.

2. Consorzio Nazionale Interuniversitario per le Scienze del Mare (CoNISMa), Università degli Studi di Milano, URL: DiSTAM, 20133 Milan, Italy.

3. CoNISMa, Università degli Studi di Milano Bicocca, URL: DGSG, 20126 Milan, Italy.

4. Istituto per L'Ambiente Marino Costiero, CNR, 98122 Messina, Italy.

5. Faculty of Geosciences, Geochemistry, Utrecht University, 3508 TA Utrecht, Netherlands.

Abstract

Deep hypersaline anoxic basins in the Mediterranean Sea are a legacy of dissolution of ancient subterranean salt deposits from the Miocene period. Our study revealed that these hypersaline basins are not biogeochemical dead ends, but support in situ sulfate reduction, methanogenesis, and heterotrophic activity. A wide diversity of prokaryotes was observed, including a new, abundant, deeply branching order within the Euryarchaeota . Furthermore, we demonstrated the presence of a unique, metabolically active microbial community in the Discovery basin, which is one of the most extreme terrestrial saline environments known, as it is almost saturated with MgCl 2 (5 M).

Publisher

American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)

Subject

Multidisciplinary

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