Mars methane detection and variability at Gale crater

Author:

Webster Christopher R.1,Mahaffy Paul R.2,Atreya Sushil K.3,Flesch Gregory J.1,Mischna Michael A.1,Meslin Pierre-Yves4,Farley Kenneth A.5,Conrad Pamela G.2,Christensen Lance E.1,Pavlov Alexander A.2,Martín-Torres Javier67,Zorzano María-Paz8,McConnochie Timothy H.9,Owen Tobias10,Eigenbrode Jennifer L.2,Glavin Daniel P.2,Steele Andrew11,Malespin Charles A.2,Archer P. Douglas12,Sutter Brad12,Coll Patrice13,Freissinet Caroline2,McKay Christopher P.14,Moores John E.15,Schwenzer Susanne P.16,Bridges John C.17,Navarro-Gonzalez Rafael18,Gellert Ralf19,Lemmon Mark T.20,

Affiliation:

1. Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA 91109, USA.

2. NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, Greenbelt, MD 20771, USA.

3. University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA.

4. Institut de Recherche en Astrophysique et Planétologie, UPS-OMP, CNRS, 31028 Toulouse, France.

5. California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA 91125, USA.

6. Instituto Andaluz de Ciencias de la Tierra [Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC)–Universidad de Granada], Granada, Spain.

7. Division of Space Technology, Luleå University of Technology, Kiruna, Sweden.

8. Centro de Astrobiologia, Instituto Nacional de Técnica Aeroespacial–CSIC, Madrid, Spain.

9. Department of Astronomy, University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742, USA.

10. University of Hawaii, Honolulu, HI 96822, USA.

11. Carnegie Institution of Washington, Washington, DC 20015, USA.

12. Jacobs Technology, NASA Johnson Space Center, Houston, TX 77058, USA.

13. Laboratoire Inter-Universitaires Des Systèmes Atmosphériques (LISA), UMR CNRS 7583, Paris, France.

14. NASA Ames Research Center, Mountain View, CA 94035, USA.

15. York University, Toronto, Ontario M3J 1P3, Canada.

16. The Open University, Milton Keynes MK7 6AA, UK.

17. Space Research Centre, University of Leicester, Leicester LE1 7RH, UK.

18. Instituto de Ciencias Nucleares, Universidad Nacional Autonoma de Mexico, Mexico City 04510, Mexico.

19. University of Guelph, Guelph, Ontario N1G 2W1, Canada.

20. Texas A&M University, College Station, TX 77843, USA.

Abstract

Of water and methane on Mars The Curiosity rover has been collecting data for the past 2 years, since its delivery to Mars (see the Perspective by Zahnle). Many studies now suggest that many millions of years ago, Mars was warmer and wetter than it is today. But those conditions required an atmosphere that seems to have vanished. Using the Curiosity rover, Mahaffy et al. measured the ratio of deuterium to hydrogen in clays that were formed 3.0 to 3.7 billion years ago. Hydrogen escapes more readily than deuterium, so this ratio offers a snapshot measure of the ancient atmosphere that can help constrain when and how it disappeared. Most methane on Earth has a biological origin, so planetary scientists have keenly pursued its detection in the martian atmosphere as well. Now, Webster et al. have precisely confirmed the presence of methane in the martian atmosphere with the instruments aboard the Curiosity rover at Gale crater. Science , this issue p. 412 , p. 415 ; see also p. 370

Funder

Canadian Space Agency

Spanish Ministry of Economy and Competiveness

UK Space Agency

Publisher

American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)

Subject

Multidisciplinary

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