Atmospheric waves and global seismoacoustic observations of the January 2022 Hunga eruption, Tonga

Author:

Matoza Robin S.1ORCID,Fee David2ORCID,Assink Jelle D.3ORCID,Iezzi Alexandra M.1ORCID,Green David N.4ORCID,Kim Keehoon5ORCID,Toney Liam2ORCID,Lecocq Thomas6ORCID,Krishnamoorthy Siddharth7ORCID,Lalande Jean-Marie8ORCID,Nishida Kiwamu9ORCID,Gee Kent L.10ORCID,Haney Matthew M.11ORCID,Ortiz Hugo D.1ORCID,Brissaud Quentin12ORCID,Martire Léo7ORCID,Rolland Lucie13ORCID,Vergados Panagiotis7ORCID,Nippress Alexandra4ORCID,Park Junghyun14ORCID,Shani-Kadmiel Shahar3ORCID,Witsil Alex2ORCID,Arrowsmith Stephen14ORCID,Caudron Corentin15ORCID,Watada Shingo9ORCID,Perttu Anna B.1617ORCID,Taisne Benoit1618ORCID,Mialle Pierrick19ORCID,Le Pichon Alexis20,Vergoz Julien20ORCID,Hupe Patrick21ORCID,Blom Philip S.22ORCID,Waxler Roger23ORCID,De Angelis Silvio24ORCID,Snively Jonathan B.25ORCID,Ringler Adam T.26ORCID,Anthony Robert E.26ORCID,Jolly Arthur D.27ORCID,Kilgour Geoff28ORCID,Averbuch Gil14ORCID,Ripepe Maurizio29,Ichihara Mie9ORCID,Arciniega-Ceballos Alejandra30ORCID,Astafyeva Elvira31ORCID,Ceranna Lars21ORCID,Cevuard Sandrine32,Che Il-Young33ORCID,De Negri Rodrigo1ORCID,Ebeling Carl W.34ORCID,Evers Läslo G.3ORCID,Franco-Marin Luis E.35ORCID,Gabrielson Thomas B.36,Hafner Katrin37,Harrison R. Giles38ORCID,Komjathy Attila7ORCID,Lacanna Giorgio29ORCID,Lyons John11ORCID,Macpherson Kenneth A.2ORCID,Marchetti Emanuele29ORCID,McKee Kathleen F.39ORCID,Mellors Robert J.34ORCID,Mendo-Pérez Gerardo40ORCID,Mikesell T. Dylan41ORCID,Munaibari Edhah13ORCID,Oyola-Merced Mayra7,Park Iseul33ORCID,Pilger Christoph21ORCID,Ramos Cristina42ORCID,Ruiz Mario C.42ORCID,Sabatini Roberto25ORCID,Schwaiger Hans F.11ORCID,Tailpied Dorianne16ORCID,Talmadge Carrick23,Vidot Jérôme8ORCID,Webster Jeremy22ORCID,Wilson David C.26ORCID

Affiliation:

1. Department of Earth Science and Earth Research Institute, University of California, Santa Barbara, CA, USA.

2. Wilson Alaska Technical Center and Alaska Volcano Observatory, Geophysical Institute, University of Alaska Fairbanks, Fairbanks, AK, USA.

3. R&D Department of Seismology and Acoustics, Royal Netherlands Meteorological Institute (KNMI), De Bilt, Netherlands.

4. AWE Blacknest, Brimpton, Reading, UK.

5. Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, CA, USA.

6. Seismology-Gravimetry, Royal Observatory of Belgium, Brussels, Belgium.

7. NASA Jet Propulsion Laboratory (JPL), California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA, USA.

8. CNRM, Université de Toulouse, Météo-France, CNRS, Lannion, France.

9. Earthquake Research Institute, University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan.

10. Department of Physics and Astronomy, Brigham Young University, Provo, UT, USA.

11. US Geological Survey (USGS), Alaska Volcano Observatory, Anchorage, AK, USA.

12. Norwegian Seismic Array (NORSAR), Kjeller, Norway.

13. Université Côte d’Azur, Observatoire de la Côte d’Azur, CNRS, IRD, Géoazur, Sophia Antipolis, Valbonne, France.

14. Roy M. Huffington Department of Earth Sciences, Southern Methodist University, Dallas, TX, USA.

15. Laboratoire G-Time, Department of Geosciences, Environment and Society, Université libre de Bruxelles, Brussels, Belgium.

16. Earth Observatory of Singapore, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore.

17. Volcanic Risk Solutions, Massey University, Palmerston North, New Zealand.

18. Asian School of the Environment, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore.

19. Comprehensive Nuclear-Test-Ban Treaty Organization (CTBTO), Vienna, Austria.

20. CEA, DAM, DIF, Arpajon, France.

21. BGR (Federal Institute for Geosciences and Natural Resources), Hannover, Germany.

22. Geophysics Group, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM, USA.

23. National Center for Physical Acoustics, University of Mississippi, University, MS, USA.

24. School of Environmental Sciences, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, UK.

25. Department of Physical Sciences and Center for Space and Atmospheric Research (CSAR), Embry-Riddle Aeronautical University, Daytona Beach, FL, USA.

26. USGS Albuquerque Seismological Laboratory, Albuquerque, NM, USA.

27. USGS Hawaiian Volcano Observatory, Hilo, HI, USA.

28. GNS Science, Wairakei Research Centre, Taupō, New Zealand.

29. Department of Earth Sciences, University of Florence, Florence, Italy.

30. Departamento de Vulcanología, Instituto de Geofísica, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Mexico City, Mexico.

31. Université de Paris, Institut de Physique du Globe de Paris, Paris, France.

32. Vanuatu Meteorology and Geohazards Department, Port Vila, Vanuatu.

33. KIGAM (Korea Institute of Geoscience and Mineral Resources), Daejeon, Korea.

34. Institute of Geophysics and Planetary Physics, Scripps Institution of Oceanography, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA.

35. Volcanological Observatory of the Southern Andes (OVDAS), National Geology and Mining Service (SERNAGEOMIN), Temuco, Chile.

36. Graduate Program in Acoustics, Penn State University, State College, PA, USA.

37. Incorporated Research Institutions for Seismology (IRIS), Washington, DC, USA.

38. Department of Meteorology, University of Reading, Reading, UK.

39. NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, Greenbelt, MD, USA.

40. Posgrado en Ciencias de la Tierra, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Mexico City, Mexico.

41. Norwegian Geotechnical Institute (NGI), Oslo, Norway.

42. Instituto Geofísico, Escuela Politécnica Nacional, Quito, Ecuador.

Abstract

The 15 January 2022 climactic eruption of Hunga volcano, Tonga, produced an explosion in the atmosphere of a size that has not been documented in the modern geophysical record. The event generated a broad range of atmospheric waves observed globally by various ground-based and spaceborne instrumentation networks. Most prominent was the surface-guided Lamb wave (≲0.01 hertz), which we observed propagating for four (plus three antipodal) passages around Earth over 6 days. As measured by the Lamb wave amplitudes, the climactic Hunga explosion was comparable in size to that of the 1883 Krakatau eruption. The Hunga eruption produced remarkable globally detected infrasound (0.01 to 20 hertz), long-range (~10,000 kilometers) audible sound, and ionospheric perturbations. Seismometers worldwide recorded pure seismic and air-to-ground coupled waves. Air-to-sea coupling likely contributed to fast-arriving tsunamis. Here, we highlight exceptional observations of the atmospheric waves.

Publisher

American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)

Subject

Multidisciplinary

Reference86 articles.

1. Satellite observations of a surtseyan eruption: Hunga Ha'apai, Tonga

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3. Acoustic-gravity waves in the upper atmosphere

4. On atmospheric oscillations

5. Lamb waves in a nearly isothermal atmosphere

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