Major Ecological Transitions in Wild Sunflowers Facilitated by Hybridization

Author:

Rieseberg Loren H.1,Raymond Olivier1,Rosenthal David M.1,Lai Zhao1,Livingstone Kevin1,Nakazato Takuya1,Durphy Jennifer L.1,Schwarzbach Andrea E.1,Donovan Lisa A.1,Lexer Christian1

Affiliation:

1. Department of Biology, Indiana University, Bloomington, IN 47405, USA. Laboratoire de Biologie Moleculaire et Phytochimie, Universite Claude Bernard Lyon 1, F-69622 Villeurbanne, France. Department of Plant Biology, University of Georgia, Athens, GA 30602, USA. Department of Biological Sciences, Kent State University, Kent, OH 44242, USA.

Abstract

Hybridization is frequent in many organismal groups, but its role in adaptation is poorly understood. In sunflowers, species found in the most extreme habitats are ancient hybrids, and new gene combinations generated by hybridization are speculated to have contributed to ecological divergence. This possibility was tested through phenotypic and genomic comparisons of ancient and synthetic hybrids. Most trait differences in ancient hybrids could be recreated by complementary gene action in synthetic hybrids and were favored by selection. The same combinations of parental chromosomal segments required to generate extreme phenotypes in synthetic hybrids also occurred in ancient hybrids. Thus, hybridization facilitated ecological divergence in sunflowers.

Publisher

American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)

Subject

Multidisciplinary

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