Physiological assessment of the functional state of workers in neuro-emotional labor of different ages according to the results pre-shift control

Abstract

Introduction. Modern working conditions create high tension in the regulatory mechanisms of the circulatory system with a decrease in the functional capabilities of the workers' body, which leads to the development of pre-nosological conditions. The determination of the Myznikov index is aimed at identifying individuals with different levels of adaptation to factors of the labor process and the risk of developing premorbid conditions. The study aims to evaluate the information content of the Myznikov index in a personalized approach to determining the functional state of the cardiovascular system of workers in neuro-emotional labor. Materials and methods. Specialists have conducted a physiological characterization of the functional state of the body of locomotive crew workers according to the data of pre-shift medical control. Using a mathematical method based on heart rate and blood pressure, the authors have calculated the value of the Myznikov index and its ideal value. The obtained compliance coefficient made it possible to assess the functional state from acceptable to overvoltage. The Kerdo vegetative index was calculated. The researchers conducted statistical processing of the data obtained using IBM SPSS Statistics 26 software. Results. Research has established statistically significant differences in hemodynamic parameters among locomotive drivers and assistant drivers in four age groups (p<0.02). Individual analysis established a more homogeneous histogram of Myznikov index indicators in workers aged 55–59 years compared to the age group 30–34 years, which is confirmed by the data of the Kerdo vegetative index. The values of the Myznikov index correspond to the state of functional tension in 11.0–16.7% of cases. Conclusion. The group of machinists of JSC Russian Railways are at increased risk of overexertion and the development of work-related diseases of the cardiovascular system. A personalized analysis of hemodynamic parameters during a pre-trip medical examination revealed values of the Myznikov index corresponding to an unfavorable functional state, which may reduce the level of traffic safety. Assessing the stages of the adaptation process will allow a differentiated approach to the scientific substantiation of health-improving measures. Limitation. There are limitations due to the peculiarities of collecting (obtaining) physiological data during pre-trip medical examinations. Ethics. The study was approved by the local Ethics Committee of the Izmerov Research Institute of Occupational Health (protocol No. 4 of 04.14.2021).