1. 1) Aoyama, K., Ogawa, S., Kawasumi, O., Tamura, T. and Fukuda, M. (1977): Properties of soils subjected to freeze-thaw action, Soil Mechanics and Foundation Engineering, 25(7), 41-46 (in Japanese).
2. 2) Aoyama, K., Ogawa, S. and Fukuda, M. (1979): Mechanical properties of soils subjected to freeze-thaw action, Proc. of the 34th Annual Conference of the Japan Society of Civil Engineers, 3, 719-720 (in Japanese).
3. 3) Bishop, A.W. (1959): The principle of effective stress, Teknisk Ukeblad, 39, 859-863.
4. 4) Eigenbrod, K.D. (1996): Effects of cyclic freezing and thawing on volume changes and permeabilities of soft fine-grained soils, Canadian Geotechnical Journal, 33, 529-537.
5. 5) Fredlund, D.G., Morgenstern, N.R., and Widger, R.A. (1978): The shear strength of unsaturated soils, Canadian Geotechnical Journal, 15, 313-321.