The orogenic bridge theory: towards a predictive tool for past and future plate tectonics

Author:

Koehl Jean-Baptiste P.ORCID,Foulger Gillian

Abstract

Wegener’s Continental Drift Theory has laid the foundations of modern plate tectonics. However, despite decades of work and studies around the globe, modern plate tectonics still does not explain all the datasets acquired up to now and is well overdue for a major update. We propose a new theory, the orogenic bridge theory, which partly builds on the Continental Drift Theory and modern plate tectonics and reconciles them with the idea put forward by a competing theory, the Land Bridge Theory (or Isthmian Links). The orogenic bridge theory states that the style of continental rifting is directly controlled by preexisting orogenic structures. On the one hand, preexisting orogens trending parallel to an opening rift facilitate breakup and rift propagation and control the strike and geometry of rift-related structures. This endmember has already been broadly studied worldwide. On the other hand, orogens oriented orthogonal (or highly oblique) to the opening rift will act as strong barriers forcing the rift to step, therefore delaying or impeding breakup and rift propagation and localizing the formation of major-offset transform faults. In the present contribution, we review the evidence in favor of a correlation between rift-orthogonal orogens and major transforms and discuss some of the main implications of the orogenic bridge theory.

Funder

Horizon 2020 Framework Programme

Publisher

F1000 Research Ltd

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