Clinical significance of peripheral blood inflammatory cells and fibrinogen in prostate cancer and prognosis

Abstract

Objective: To explore the relationship between peripheral blood inflammatory cells and fibrinogen and the clinicopathological characteristics of the prostate, and to assess their clinical value in evaluating prostate cancer. Methods: A retrospective analysis was conducted on the clinicopathological data of 429 patients who underwent prostate biopsies at the Second Hospital of Tianjin Medical University between June 2020 and December 2022. The levels of neutrophils, lymphocytes, monocytes, platelets, and plasma fibrinogen in peripheral blood before surgery in patients with prostate cancer and benign prostatic hyperplasia were analyzed. Further comparisons were made between the levels of inflammatory cells and fibrinogen in peripheral blood in patients with prostate cancer at different stages, different Gleason scores, and with or without bone metastases. Results: The levels of inflammatory cells and fibrinogen in preoperative prostate cancer patients showed statistically significant differences compared to those with benign prostatic hyperplasia (P<0.05). Specifically, fibrinogen levels were significantly elevated in patients with stage 4 prostate cancer (4.13±1.40 g/L), Gleason scores of 9-10 (5.12±1.20 g/L), and bone metastases (4.11±1.48 g/L) (P<0.001). Fibrinogen levels exhibited a positive correlation with prostate pathology results, cancer stage, Gleason score, presence of bone metastases, and PSA levels (P<0.001). Conclusions: The levels of preoperative peripheral inflammatory cells and fibrinogen are closely linked to prostate pathology outcomes. Moreover, the level of fibrinogen demonstrates potential as a prognostic indicator for disease progression and prognosis in prostate cancer patients.