Eating habits associated with nutrition-related knowledge among university students enrolled in academic programs related to nutrition and culinary arts in Puerto Rico

Abstract

Abstract Background: University students frequently develop unhealthy eating habits. However, it is unknown if students enrolled in academic programs related to nutrition and culinary arts have healthier eating habits. To evaluate the relationship of the eating habits and nutritional status of university students enrolled in academic programs related to nutrition and culinary arts with their knowledge in nutrition as well as cooking methods and techniques. Methods: This descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted in the spring of 2019, during which time students completed a survey that measured their eating habits, and their knowledge in nutrition as well as cooking methods and techniques. Anthropometric measurement data were also collected for nutritional status estimation. The non-probabilistic convenience sample comprised 93 university students pursuing their Bachelor’s degree in Nutrition and Dietetics, Culinary Nutrition and Culinary Management in Universidad Ana G. Mendez, Puerto Rico.The statistical analysis included summary measures. Relationships between variables were measured using Chi-square and Fisher’s exact tests, and statistical significance was set at p<0.05. Results: An inadequate body mass index (BMI) was observed in 59% of the sample. Eating habits, knowledge in nutrition, and knowledge in cooking methods and techniques were inadequate in 86%, 68%, and 41% of the population, respectively. Eating habits were associated with knowledge in nutrition and the type of academic program enrolled in, but not with knowledge in cooking methods and techniques. Conclusions: Most of the students reported having inadequate eating habits and BMI values. The Nutrition and Dietetics students had the best knowledge levels pertaining to nutrition compared to the Culinary Management students, a majority of whom had inadequate knowledge levels. Our results demonstrate that there are other factors inherent to students’ university life that may have a stronger influence on eating habits than knowledge in appropriate nutritional practice. Trial registration : Universidad Ana G Méndez Institutional Review Board January 23, 2019 Protocol number: 06-085-18