Co-creation process of an intervention to implement a multiparameter point-of-care device in a Primary Healthcare setting for non-communicable diseases in Peru

Abstract

Abstract Background Point-of-care devices (POCT) are diagnostic tools that can provide quick and accurate results within minutes, making them suitable for diagnosing non-communicable diseases (NCDs). However, these devices are not widely implemented in healthcare systems and for this reason is relevant to understand the implementation process. Aims To describe the process and define a strategy to implement a multiparameter POCT for diagnosing and managing NCDs in a low- and middle- income country. Methods A descriptive and non-experimental study was conducted in one region of Peru (Tumbes) to design an intervention for implementing a multiparameter POCT. Two co-creation sessions were conducted involving three groups: community members, primary healthcare workers, and regional decision-makers. These sessions included activities to understand patient journeys in receiving care for NCDs, identify facilitators and barriers to POCT usage, and define an implementation strategy for POCT in both rural and urban settings. The research team analysed the data and summarized key topics for discussion after each session. Results A total of 78 participants were enrolled across the three groups. Among community members: 22.2% had only diabetes, 24.1% had only hypertension, and 18.5% had both diagnoses. In the patient journey, community members mentioned that it took at least three days to receive a diagnosis and treatment for an NCD. Most of the participants agreed that the POCT devices would be beneficial for their communities, but they also identified some concerns. The strategy for POCT implementation included healthcare workers training, POCT must be placed in the laboratory area and must be able to perform tests for glucose, glycated haemoglobin, cholesterol, and creatinine. Advertising about POCT should be displayed at the healthcare centres and the municipality using billboards and flyers. Conclusions The co-creation process was effective in developing strategies for the implementation of multiparameter POCT devices for NCDs, involving the participation of different groups of stakeholders inboth rural and urban settings in Peru.