Staphylococcus Aureus coverage in acute bacterial sialadenitis in xerostomia patients; Cephalosporins or Beta-lactamase Penicillins?

Abstract

Abstract Background: Severe dry mouth can be the leading cause of bacterial sialadenitis by Staphylococcus Aureus (SA) as the most causing bacterial agent. Both of the Beta-lactamase Penicillins and the first-generation of Cephalosporins have been suggested as a treatment of the choice in such these conditions. The purpose of this study was to compare the minimum inhibitory concentration of Cephalothin and Oxacillin against the SA by E-Test method. Methods: In 62 Sjogren's patients, Sampling was done from the right parotid gland and the samples were sent to the lab within two hours. After certain microbial lab procedures (culture, SA identification and isolation), Positive samples for SA were collected and Minimum Inhibitory Concentration (MIC) was measured in each sample for both Cephalothin and Oxacillin by detecting eclipse around E-Test strips. Also MIC50 and MIC90 of these two antibiotics were recorded. The data were coded by SPSS16 and statistical analysis between two groups was done by Paired T-Test. Results: SA was isolated from 30 patients (48%). The difference between the average MIC of these two antibiotics was significant (P=0.001). The correlation coefficient between variables was 0.821, which was significant (P<0.0001). MIC 50 of Oxacillin was less than Cephalothin. It was the same for MIC 90. Antibiotic resistance was found in 3% of the patients. Conclusions: The average MIC in Oxacillin was less than Cephalothin. In other words, Oxacillin was more effective than Cephalothin.