Abstract
Lesions in the area postrema may lead to symptoms including hiccupping, nausea, and vomiting. Often termed area postrema syndrome, these symptoms are commonly linked to neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorders (NMOSD). This study analyzes two case studies to illustrate the varied clinical manifestations of area postrema lesions. The first case involves a 57-year-old male presenting with persistent symptoms of nausea, vomiting, and dizziness. Subsequent examination led to a diagnosis of WHO Grade II astrocytoma. The second case details a 24-year-old woman with hiccupping, deteriorating vision, incontinence, and limb numbness. She was subsequently diagnosed with concurrent neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorder (NMOSD) and Sjögren's syndrome. Importantly, the second case showed distinct gastrointestinal symptoms before treatment, leading to a crucial diagnosis of lesions in the posterior medullary region. These case studies highlight the risk of misdiagnosis and underscore the importance of quickly recognizing posterior medulla-related symptoms. A deep understanding of postrema lesions is essential for accurate diagnosis and prompt management. This underscores the need for a comprehensive clinical approach to enhance patient outcomes.