Cytotoxicity and cell migration evaluation of a strontium silicate-based root canal sealer on stem cells from rat apical papilla: An in vitro study

Abstract

BACKGROUND Bioceramic materials,a new biomaterial formulation in which strontium is introduced into a bioceramic sealer,have been widely used as root canal sealers in the clinic. OBJECTIVE This study aimed to evaluate the cytotoxicity and cell migration effects of a novel strontium silicate-based bioceramic material (CRoot SP) in comparison with those of a calcium silicate-based sealer (iRoot SP) and epoxide amine resin sealer (AH Plus) on stem cells from rat apical papilla(rSCAPs). METHODS The rSCAPs were isolated and characterized in vitro, then cultured with various concentrations of CRoot SP, iRoot SP and AH Plus extract. Cytotoxicity was assessed by CCK-8 assay and wound healing assays were performed to evaluate cell-migration capacity. RESULTS No significant differences in cell viability were observed among the 0.02 mg/mL; and 0.2 mg/mL sealer groups.The cell viability of CRoot SP was consistently greater than that of iRoot SP at concentrations of 5 mg/mL and 10 mg/mL across all time points. The maximum cytotoxic effect was noted on day 5 with 10 mg/mL AH Plus.The scratch has been partly healed with cell migration in all groups at 24 h, the 0.02 mg/mL, and 0.2 mg/mL CRoot SP have beneficial effects on rSCAPs migration. CONCLUSIONS CRoot SP is less cytotoxic than the iRoot SP and AH Plus extracts after setting. A lower concentration of CRoot SP enhances the cell migration capacity of rSCAPs, and CRoot SP may achieve better tissue repair during root canal treatment.