The prognostic impact of Caudal-Type Homologous Transcription Factor-2 (CDX2) expression in duodenal cancer patients

Abstract

The study examined the expression of CDX2 in duodenal cancer and its impact on prognosis. Clinical data and pathological sections from 27 duodenal cancer patients who underwent radical surgery at Shanghai Changhai Hospital, Naval Medical University between September 2008 and December 2019 were analyzed. CDX2 expression was detected using immunohistochemistry. Survival analysis was performed through Kaplan-Meier analysis and the Log-rank test, with multivariate analysis conducted using the Cox proportional-hazards regression model. Univariate analysis revealed correlations between age, TNM stage, differentiation degree, nerve invasion, pancreatic invasion, CDX2 expression, and overall survival (OS) in duodenal cancer (P < 0.05), while pancreatic invasion and CDX2 expression were linked to disease-free survival (DFS) (P < 0.05). Multivariate analysis identified TNM stage (P = 0.045) and CDX2 expression (P = 0.034) as independent prognostic factors for OS in duodenal cancer, with CDX2 expression (P = 0.04) also being an independent prognostic factor for DFS. The study indicates that CDX2 expression in duodenal cancer significantly influences prognosis, with positive expression associated with better outcomes and negative expression linked to poorer prognosis.