Benefits and limitations of ChatGPT in basic care: Influence on the diagnosis and treatment of neuromyelitis optic

Abstract

Abstract Introduction: Artificial intelligence (AI) has developed rapidly, and it has been used in medical practice. The Chat Generative Pre-Trained Transformer (ChatGPT) is a recently released open access AI model that interacts with user inputs in a conversational manner. The objective of this work is to analyze the veracity of the information provided by the software and compare the responses generated with the current medical literature. Methods: Several questions about neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorders (NMOSD) were sent to ChatGPT on June 19, 2023. We analyzed the veracity of the information provided by it and we analyzed its possible limitations in the dissemination of information to both physicians and patients. Results: The answers provided by ChatGPT demonstrated that the information is compatible with the current literature on the topic. With regard to diseases, unlike other websites, ChatGPT proved to be responsible in providing information, clarifying that, as an AI software, it is not capable of providing accurate medical diagnoses; It therefore recommends consultation with a health professional. ChatGPT responses are only as good as the data they are trained on. Conclusions: ChatGPT was responsible for accurate responses and can now offer patients the ability to select and categorize the results of these queries, as well as pre-specify the language complexity of the output text. We can only speculate about the next steps in the exponential growth of this technology, and how it will transform future care for neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorders.