Analysis of clinical characteristics and risk factors for patients with heatstroke in western China in 2022: a multicenter retrospective study

Abstract

OBJECTIVES To analyzed the clinical characteristics and treatment modalities of HS and to identify risk factors for a poor prognosis of heat stroke and provide reference suggestions for its treatment and prevention. MEASUREMENTS AND MAIN RESULTS: We collected a total of 247 patients, and the first three comorbidities of HS were hypertension, diabetes, psychosis. Men and older adults had a high incidence of HS. The poor prognosis group had higher temperature, higher incidence of cerebral edema and gastrointestinal bleeding than in the control group (all P < 0.05). Blood pH, HCO₃⁻, Lac, Scr, AST, ALT, DBIL, CKMB, PT, DD, PLT were significantly higher in the poor prognosis group (all P < 0.05), and logistic regression analysis suggested that APACHE II, Lac, and Scr were poor prognosis risk factors (P < 0.05). The AUC values for Combined diagnostic were 0.848 (95% CI 0.781–0.914). We found that in the CHS group, male morbidity was higher, more patients with combined hypertension, worse prognosis, and higher APACHE II score and ALT level (P < 0.05). Kaplan–Meier analysis showed higher mortality in the CHS group than in the EHS group. CONCLUSIONS Men, older adults, hypertension, diabetes, and psychosis patients may have a high incidence of HS. HS patients with high blood cell counts, liver and kidney dysfunction, abnormal coagulation and CHS type may have a poor prognosis. APACHE II, Lac and Scr were independent risk factors for poor prognosis in HS patients.