Abstract
The extractive industry has a profound impact on the environment, emphasizing the need for environmentally friendly practices. This study employs a mixed-methods approach to evaluate the environmental impact of bauxite and iron mining projects in Boke and Kerouane, Guinea. Primary data were collected from October 2022 to January 2023, with a focus on water pollution, soil, noise, air quality, vegetation, fauna, and flora. A reference matrix was used to assess the impact of mining activities, categorizing them as negligible, moderate, or significant. This study analyzed 400 soil samples from 21 sites to evaluate water quality, measured noise levels using an NL52 Class 1 sound level meter, and monitored air quality using the DustMate system. Biodiversity surveys were conducted to identify potential impacts on the receptors. The results showed that the pH of the water averaged between 5.79 and 8.66, and some companies exceeded the average value of electrical conductivity. The soil composition showed the presence of Cr, Cu, Ni, and Zn in both the mining regions. Noise and particulate matter pollution exceeded the guideline values at some sites. This project will result in the direct loss of natural and modified habitats, including erosion of lateritic soil in ridge areas. Non-native plant species have been identified in the Kerouane Iron Project. This study underscores the need for policymakers to integrate climate change mitigation strategies into land use planning and use an integrated index of economic and environmental performance to improve sustainability in the mining industry.