Abstract
Hieroglyphus banian (H. banian) is a grasshopper, endemic to South Asia. The optic lobe has been characterized to a great extent in orthoptera, predominantly using Locust species like Schistocerca gregaria, Schistocerca americana, and Locusta migratoria, which are closely related to each other. In this work, we characterize the anatomical features of the optic lobe and associated pathway in the grasshopper species H. banian using tract-tracing immunohistochemistry and intracellular fills. All the areas of the visual pathway that have been reported in the other orthoptera species could be identified in H. banian. These species exhibited similar structure and connectivity as visible in our immunohistochemistry and tract tracing results. However, two new centers in the protocerebrum with prominent innervations from the optic lobe could be identified.