Screening in rice (Oryza sativa L.) for multiple biotic stress resistance under sodic soil of North Eastern plain zone of India

Abstract

Abstract Rice is one of the most important cereal crops in developing countries and the staple food of about 65% of the world’s population. The dependence of such a large population to meet their daily dietary requirements on this tropical crop causes different insect-pests of rice that significantly reduce crop yield, and quality as well as affect marketability in different parts of the world. Traditionally, several pesticides have been utilized to prevent the insect-pest, but this approach has various drawbacks, including the development of pesticide resistance, and negative effects on the environment and human health. Therefore, it was essential to screen the bacterial leaf blight (BLB), blast, brown spot, narrow brown leaf spot (NBLS), sheath rot, yellow stem borer (YSB) and leaf folder resistant rice genotypes under sodic soil conditions at Main Experimental Station of ANDUAT, Ayodhya, (U.P.), during 2016 to 2018. The present investigation reveals that the genotype Sushk Samrat showed high resistance for brown spot, NBLS, sheath rot, YSB, and leaf folder as well as resistance for Blast followed by CSR 10 showed high resistance for BLB, sheath rot, YSB and resistance for brown spot & Sarjoo 52 showed highly resistant for brown spot, sheath rot, leaf folder and resistant BLB, NBLS, YSB, respectively. The majority of cross combinations of the highly resistant parents showed high resistance and resistance in F1s, the best heterotic combination is Narendra Usar Dhan 2 x Narendra Usar Dhan 3 showed highly resistant for blast, brown spot, sheath rot, YSB, and resistance for BLB, NBLS, leaf folder; IR-85897x Narendra Usar Dhan 3 showed highly resistant for NBLS, sheath rot, YSB, and resistant for BLB, blast, leaf folder; Sushk Samrat x Narendra Usar Dhan 3 showed highly resistant for brown spot, YSB, and resistant for BLB, blast, NBLS, sheath rot, leaf folder; Sarjoo 52 x Narendra Usar Dhan 3 showed highly resistant for sheath rot, YSM, and resistant for BLB, blast, brown spot, NBLS and leaf folder. It reflects that Sushk Samrat and Sarjoo 52 have strong genetic backgrounds responsible for resisting these elite genetic stocks against various diseases prevalent in this northeast plainagro-climatic zone. Hence, these varieties can be utilized as donors in hybridization programmes to pyramid various biotic and abiotic stresses in widely adopted cultivars to increase productivity in sodic soil areas.