The alga Bracteacoccus bullatus (Chlorophyceae) isolated from snow, as a source of oil comprising essential unsaturated fatty acids and carotenoids

Author:

Lukavský J.1,Kopecký J.1,Kubáč D.1,Kvíderová J.1,Procházková L.1,Řezanka T.1

Affiliation:

1. Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic

Abstract

Abstract A unicellular alga isolated from snow in the Sierra Nevada Mountains (Spain) was characterised using a polyphasic approach. Comparative analysis of ITS2 rDNA secondary structures identified the new culture (CCALA 1120 Cepák and Lukavský 2011/13) as being conspecific with Bracteacoccus bullatus (Chlorophyceae). For the first time this study documented sexual reproduction as the pairing of zoospores and also an-isogamy. Authentic strain SAG 2032. CCALA 1120 had a temperature optimum of about 21°C and an irradiance optimum above 160 µmol m− 2 s− 1. It was cultivated in pilot-plant scale over three winter-to-spring periods from 2016 to 2019, using an open thin-layer photobioreactor in a greenhouse with only partial temperature control. After harvest, a high proportion of polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) was found (53% of dry mass) with linoleic (18:2ω-6) 18.3% and α-linolenic acids (18:3ω-3) 17.4% being the most abundant. Monounsaturated fatty acids accounted for about 30% with oleic (18:1ω-9) and vaccenic acids (18:1 ω-7) as the most prominent. The ratio of PUFA ω-6/ω-3 was 1:1.16, i.e. near to the ideal ratio of 1:1, as recommended by the World Health Organization. Biomass production was 2.67 g m–2 d− 1 of dry weight, i.e. 0.2 g L− 1 d− 1. At the end of growth phase, total carotenoids made up 10.1 mg L− 1. These results indicate that B. bullatus is suitable for production of a vegetable oil at lower temperatures (12–18°C) and comprising a high content of unsaturated fatty acids.

Publisher

Research Square Platform LLC

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